The multi‐component Hekla Ö Tephra, Iceland: a complex widespread mid‐Holocene tephra layer
ABSTRACT Large Plinian eruptions from Hekla volcano, Iceland, produce compositionally zoned tephra used as key markers in tephrochronology. However, spatial variations in chemical composition of a tephra layer may complicate its identification. An example is the 5950–6180 cal a bp Hekla Ö tephra lay...
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crwiley:10.1002/jqs.3180 2024-06-02T08:07:49+00:00 The multi‐component Hekla Ö Tephra, Iceland: a complex widespread mid‐Holocene tephra layer Jónsson, Daníel Freyr Gudmundsdóttir, Esther Ruth Larsen, Gudrún Óladóttir, Bergrún Arna Erlendsson, Egill Eddudóttir, Sigrún Dögg Sigmarsson, Olgeir Landsvirkjun Energy Reserach Fund Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland Icelandic Research Fund 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3180 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjqs.3180 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jqs.3180 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/jqs.3180 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Quaternary Science volume 35, issue 3, page 410-421 ISSN 0267-8179 1099-1417 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3180 2024-05-03T11:12:39Z ABSTRACT Large Plinian eruptions from Hekla volcano, Iceland, produce compositionally zoned tephra used as key markers in tephrochronology. However, spatial variations in chemical composition of a tephra layer may complicate its identification. An example is the 5950–6180 cal a bp Hekla Ö tephra layer, which shows compositional spread from rhyolite, dacite and andesite to basalt. In soil sections north of Hekla, the SiO 2 content of the tephra glass reaches 76 wt% in the lowest unit of the Hekla Ö deposit and decreases to 62–63 wt% in the uppermost unit. Intermingled within the whole deposit are basalt tephra grains having 46–47 wt% SiO 2 . The composition of the basalt glass includes primitive basalt and a more evolved basalt (MgO >6 and <6 wt%, respectively). Together with literature data, the Hekla Ö tephra and the so‐called T‐Tephra/Hekla‐T are most likely from contemporaneous eruptions of different vents on the Hekla volcanic system, forming a single important marker tephra (Hekla ÖT) deposited over 80% of Iceland. Identification is complicated by its spatial compositional heterogeneity, such as systematic decrease in SiO 2 content from the east to the west of Hekla volcano. Consequently, an individual tephra layer from a large explosive eruption can have different composition at different locations. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Hekla Iceland Wiley Online Library Journal of Quaternary Science 35 3 410 421 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
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English |
description |
ABSTRACT Large Plinian eruptions from Hekla volcano, Iceland, produce compositionally zoned tephra used as key markers in tephrochronology. However, spatial variations in chemical composition of a tephra layer may complicate its identification. An example is the 5950–6180 cal a bp Hekla Ö tephra layer, which shows compositional spread from rhyolite, dacite and andesite to basalt. In soil sections north of Hekla, the SiO 2 content of the tephra glass reaches 76 wt% in the lowest unit of the Hekla Ö deposit and decreases to 62–63 wt% in the uppermost unit. Intermingled within the whole deposit are basalt tephra grains having 46–47 wt% SiO 2 . The composition of the basalt glass includes primitive basalt and a more evolved basalt (MgO >6 and <6 wt%, respectively). Together with literature data, the Hekla Ö tephra and the so‐called T‐Tephra/Hekla‐T are most likely from contemporaneous eruptions of different vents on the Hekla volcanic system, forming a single important marker tephra (Hekla ÖT) deposited over 80% of Iceland. Identification is complicated by its spatial compositional heterogeneity, such as systematic decrease in SiO 2 content from the east to the west of Hekla volcano. Consequently, an individual tephra layer from a large explosive eruption can have different composition at different locations. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
author2 |
Landsvirkjun Energy Reserach Fund Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland Icelandic Research Fund |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jónsson, Daníel Freyr Gudmundsdóttir, Esther Ruth Larsen, Gudrún Óladóttir, Bergrún Arna Erlendsson, Egill Eddudóttir, Sigrún Dögg Sigmarsson, Olgeir |
spellingShingle |
Jónsson, Daníel Freyr Gudmundsdóttir, Esther Ruth Larsen, Gudrún Óladóttir, Bergrún Arna Erlendsson, Egill Eddudóttir, Sigrún Dögg Sigmarsson, Olgeir The multi‐component Hekla Ö Tephra, Iceland: a complex widespread mid‐Holocene tephra layer |
author_facet |
Jónsson, Daníel Freyr Gudmundsdóttir, Esther Ruth Larsen, Gudrún Óladóttir, Bergrún Arna Erlendsson, Egill Eddudóttir, Sigrún Dögg Sigmarsson, Olgeir |
author_sort |
Jónsson, Daníel Freyr |
title |
The multi‐component Hekla Ö Tephra, Iceland: a complex widespread mid‐Holocene tephra layer |
title_short |
The multi‐component Hekla Ö Tephra, Iceland: a complex widespread mid‐Holocene tephra layer |
title_full |
The multi‐component Hekla Ö Tephra, Iceland: a complex widespread mid‐Holocene tephra layer |
title_fullStr |
The multi‐component Hekla Ö Tephra, Iceland: a complex widespread mid‐Holocene tephra layer |
title_full_unstemmed |
The multi‐component Hekla Ö Tephra, Iceland: a complex widespread mid‐Holocene tephra layer |
title_sort |
multi‐component hekla ö tephra, iceland: a complex widespread mid‐holocene tephra layer |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3180 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjqs.3180 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jqs.3180 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/jqs.3180 |
genre |
Hekla Iceland |
genre_facet |
Hekla Iceland |
op_source |
Journal of Quaternary Science volume 35, issue 3, page 410-421 ISSN 0267-8179 1099-1417 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3180 |
container_title |
Journal of Quaternary Science |
container_volume |
35 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
410 |
op_container_end_page |
421 |
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1800752959630344192 |