A major ice drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet: the Tyne Gap, northern England

Abstract The Tyne Gap is a wide pass, situated between the Scottish Southern Uplands and the English Pennines that connects western and eastern England. It was a major ice flow drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet. This study presents new glacial geomorphological and sedimentological...

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Published in:Journal of Quaternary Science
Main Authors: Livingstone, Stephen J., Cofaigh, Colm Ó, Evans, David J. A.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2009
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1341
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spelling crwiley:10.1002/jqs.1341 2024-09-15T18:12:15+00:00 A major ice drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet: the Tyne Gap, northern England Livingstone, Stephen J. Cofaigh, Colm Ó Evans, David J. A. 2009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1341 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjqs.1341 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jqs.1341 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Quaternary Science volume 25, issue 3, page 354-370 ISSN 0267-8179 1099-1417 journal-article 2009 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1341 2024-08-09T04:23:30Z Abstract The Tyne Gap is a wide pass, situated between the Scottish Southern Uplands and the English Pennines that connects western and eastern England. It was a major ice flow drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet. This study presents new glacial geomorphological and sedimentological data from the Tyne Gap region that has allowed detailed reconstructions of palaeo‐ice flow dynamics during the Late Devensian (Marine Isotope Stage 2). Mapped lineations reveal a complex palimpsest pattern which shows that ice flow was subject to multiple switches in direction. These are summarised into three major ice flow phases. Stage I was characterised by convergent Lake District and Scottish ice that flowed east through the Tyne Gap, as a topographically controlled ice stream. This ice stream was identified from glacial geomorphological evidence in the form of convergent bedforms, streamlined subglacial bedforms and evidence for deformable bed conditions; stage II involved northerly migration of the Solway Firth ice divide back into the Southern Uplands, causing the easterly flow of ice to be weakened, and resulting in southeasterly flow of ice down the North Tyne Valley; and stage III was characterised by strong drawdown of ice into the Irish Sea Ice Basin, thus starving the Tyne Gap of ice and causing progressive ice sheet retreat westwards back across the watershed, prior to ice stagnation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice Sheet Sea ice Wiley Online Library Journal of Quaternary Science 25 3 354 370
institution Open Polar
collection Wiley Online Library
op_collection_id crwiley
language English
description Abstract The Tyne Gap is a wide pass, situated between the Scottish Southern Uplands and the English Pennines that connects western and eastern England. It was a major ice flow drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet. This study presents new glacial geomorphological and sedimentological data from the Tyne Gap region that has allowed detailed reconstructions of palaeo‐ice flow dynamics during the Late Devensian (Marine Isotope Stage 2). Mapped lineations reveal a complex palimpsest pattern which shows that ice flow was subject to multiple switches in direction. These are summarised into three major ice flow phases. Stage I was characterised by convergent Lake District and Scottish ice that flowed east through the Tyne Gap, as a topographically controlled ice stream. This ice stream was identified from glacial geomorphological evidence in the form of convergent bedforms, streamlined subglacial bedforms and evidence for deformable bed conditions; stage II involved northerly migration of the Solway Firth ice divide back into the Southern Uplands, causing the easterly flow of ice to be weakened, and resulting in southeasterly flow of ice down the North Tyne Valley; and stage III was characterised by strong drawdown of ice into the Irish Sea Ice Basin, thus starving the Tyne Gap of ice and causing progressive ice sheet retreat westwards back across the watershed, prior to ice stagnation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Livingstone, Stephen J.
Cofaigh, Colm Ó
Evans, David J. A.
spellingShingle Livingstone, Stephen J.
Cofaigh, Colm Ó
Evans, David J. A.
A major ice drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet: the Tyne Gap, northern England
author_facet Livingstone, Stephen J.
Cofaigh, Colm Ó
Evans, David J. A.
author_sort Livingstone, Stephen J.
title A major ice drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet: the Tyne Gap, northern England
title_short A major ice drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet: the Tyne Gap, northern England
title_full A major ice drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet: the Tyne Gap, northern England
title_fullStr A major ice drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet: the Tyne Gap, northern England
title_full_unstemmed A major ice drainage pathway of the last British–Irish Ice Sheet: the Tyne Gap, northern England
title_sort major ice drainage pathway of the last british–irish ice sheet: the tyne gap, northern england
publisher Wiley
publishDate 2009
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1341
https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjqs.1341
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jqs.1341
genre Ice Sheet
Sea ice
genre_facet Ice Sheet
Sea ice
op_source Journal of Quaternary Science
volume 25, issue 3, page 354-370
ISSN 0267-8179 1099-1417
op_rights http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1341
container_title Journal of Quaternary Science
container_volume 25
container_issue 3
container_start_page 354
op_container_end_page 370
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