Ice core and palaeoclimatic evidence for the timing and nature of the great mid‐13th century volcanic eruption
Abstract Ice cores from both the Arctic and Antarctic record a massive volcanic eruption in around AD 1258. The inter‐hemispheric transport of ash and sulphate aerosol suggests a low‐latitude explosive eruption, but the volcano responsible is not known. This is remarkable given estimates of the magn...
| Published in: | International Journal of Climatology |
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| Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| Language: | English |
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2003
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.891 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.891 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.891 |
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crwiley:10.1002/joc.891 2024-09-09T19:03:44+00:00 Ice core and palaeoclimatic evidence for the timing and nature of the great mid‐13th century volcanic eruption Oppenheimer, Clive 2003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.891 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.891 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.891 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor International Journal of Climatology volume 23, issue 4, page 417-426 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 journal-article 2003 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.891 2024-07-25T04:22:28Z Abstract Ice cores from both the Arctic and Antarctic record a massive volcanic eruption in around AD 1258. The inter‐hemispheric transport of ash and sulphate aerosol suggests a low‐latitude explosive eruption, but the volcano responsible is not known. This is remarkable given estimates of the magnitude of the event, which range up to 5 × 10 14 –2 × 10 15 kg (∼200–800 km 3 of dense magma), which would make this the largest eruption of the historic period, and one of the very largest of the Holocene. The associated collapse caldera could have had a diameter up to 10–30 km. Palaeoclimate reconstructions indicate very cold austral and boreal summers in AD 1257–59, consistent with known patterns of continental summer cooling following tropical, sulphur‐rich explosive eruptions. This suggests an eruption in AD 1257, producing a stronger climate forcing than hitherto recognized. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic ice core Wiley Online Library Antarctic Arctic Austral International Journal of Climatology 23 4 417 426 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
| language |
English |
| description |
Abstract Ice cores from both the Arctic and Antarctic record a massive volcanic eruption in around AD 1258. The inter‐hemispheric transport of ash and sulphate aerosol suggests a low‐latitude explosive eruption, but the volcano responsible is not known. This is remarkable given estimates of the magnitude of the event, which range up to 5 × 10 14 –2 × 10 15 kg (∼200–800 km 3 of dense magma), which would make this the largest eruption of the historic period, and one of the very largest of the Holocene. The associated collapse caldera could have had a diameter up to 10–30 km. Palaeoclimate reconstructions indicate very cold austral and boreal summers in AD 1257–59, consistent with known patterns of continental summer cooling following tropical, sulphur‐rich explosive eruptions. This suggests an eruption in AD 1257, producing a stronger climate forcing than hitherto recognized. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society |
| format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| author |
Oppenheimer, Clive |
| spellingShingle |
Oppenheimer, Clive Ice core and palaeoclimatic evidence for the timing and nature of the great mid‐13th century volcanic eruption |
| author_facet |
Oppenheimer, Clive |
| author_sort |
Oppenheimer, Clive |
| title |
Ice core and palaeoclimatic evidence for the timing and nature of the great mid‐13th century volcanic eruption |
| title_short |
Ice core and palaeoclimatic evidence for the timing and nature of the great mid‐13th century volcanic eruption |
| title_full |
Ice core and palaeoclimatic evidence for the timing and nature of the great mid‐13th century volcanic eruption |
| title_fullStr |
Ice core and palaeoclimatic evidence for the timing and nature of the great mid‐13th century volcanic eruption |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Ice core and palaeoclimatic evidence for the timing and nature of the great mid‐13th century volcanic eruption |
| title_sort |
ice core and palaeoclimatic evidence for the timing and nature of the great mid‐13th century volcanic eruption |
| publisher |
Wiley |
| publishDate |
2003 |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.891 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.891 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.891 |
| geographic |
Antarctic Arctic Austral |
| geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic Austral |
| genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic ice core |
| genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic ice core |
| op_source |
International Journal of Climatology volume 23, issue 4, page 417-426 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 |
| op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.891 |
| container_title |
International Journal of Climatology |
| container_volume |
23 |
| container_issue |
4 |
| container_start_page |
417 |
| op_container_end_page |
426 |
| _version_ |
1809817771580588032 |