Continuum‐based teleconnection indices of United States wintertime temperature variability
Abstract It is well‐documented that United States (US) wintertime temperature variability is related to teleconnection patterns that are commonly extracted using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis. However, recent work suggests that EOF patterns are not necessarily physical or strongly rel...
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crwiley:10.1002/joc.6909 2024-09-09T19:24:00+00:00 Continuum‐based teleconnection indices of United States wintertime temperature variability Schulte, Justin 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.6909 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6909 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/joc.6909 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6909 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor International Journal of Climatology volume 41, issue S1 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6909 2024-08-13T04:12:21Z Abstract It is well‐documented that United States (US) wintertime temperature variability is related to teleconnection patterns that are commonly extracted using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis. However, recent work suggests that EOF patterns are not necessarily physical or strongly related to temperature variability at a specified location. In this paper, US wintertime temperature variability is understood using an alternative continuum approach to teleconnection patterns, contrasting with many previous studies that adopt an EOF‐based approach. Using the continuum approach, two patterns resembling the East Pacific‐North Pacific pattern are identified that are more strongly related to US wintertime temperature than common EOF‐based patterns. Using a simple correlation method and a teleconnection impact index, 13 teleconnection indices were ranked based on how much US wintertime temperature variability they can explain. The ranking methodologies revealed that three continuum‐based dipole patterns are the leading modes of US wintertime temperature variability and that common EOF‐based patterns like the Arctic Oscillation are relatively weak temperature influencers. It is also shown that the dipole patterns are related to a tropical sea surface temperature pattern termed the pan‐Niño (PN) pattern whose associated index was created using the continuum approach. The PN pattern was found to have moderate to strong relationships with the dipole patterns and US wintertime temperature, suggesting that tropical processes have contributed to recent wintertime temperature variability. These results have important implications for research focusing on seasonal forecasting, recent cooling trends across the eastern US, and the impact of Arctic warming on US winter weather. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Wiley Online Library Arctic Pacific International Journal of Climatology 41 S1 |
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English |
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Abstract It is well‐documented that United States (US) wintertime temperature variability is related to teleconnection patterns that are commonly extracted using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis. However, recent work suggests that EOF patterns are not necessarily physical or strongly related to temperature variability at a specified location. In this paper, US wintertime temperature variability is understood using an alternative continuum approach to teleconnection patterns, contrasting with many previous studies that adopt an EOF‐based approach. Using the continuum approach, two patterns resembling the East Pacific‐North Pacific pattern are identified that are more strongly related to US wintertime temperature than common EOF‐based patterns. Using a simple correlation method and a teleconnection impact index, 13 teleconnection indices were ranked based on how much US wintertime temperature variability they can explain. The ranking methodologies revealed that three continuum‐based dipole patterns are the leading modes of US wintertime temperature variability and that common EOF‐based patterns like the Arctic Oscillation are relatively weak temperature influencers. It is also shown that the dipole patterns are related to a tropical sea surface temperature pattern termed the pan‐Niño (PN) pattern whose associated index was created using the continuum approach. The PN pattern was found to have moderate to strong relationships with the dipole patterns and US wintertime temperature, suggesting that tropical processes have contributed to recent wintertime temperature variability. These results have important implications for research focusing on seasonal forecasting, recent cooling trends across the eastern US, and the impact of Arctic warming on US winter weather. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schulte, Justin |
spellingShingle |
Schulte, Justin Continuum‐based teleconnection indices of United States wintertime temperature variability |
author_facet |
Schulte, Justin |
author_sort |
Schulte, Justin |
title |
Continuum‐based teleconnection indices of United States wintertime temperature variability |
title_short |
Continuum‐based teleconnection indices of United States wintertime temperature variability |
title_full |
Continuum‐based teleconnection indices of United States wintertime temperature variability |
title_fullStr |
Continuum‐based teleconnection indices of United States wintertime temperature variability |
title_full_unstemmed |
Continuum‐based teleconnection indices of United States wintertime temperature variability |
title_sort |
continuum‐based teleconnection indices of united states wintertime temperature variability |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.6909 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6909 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/joc.6909 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6909 |
geographic |
Arctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Pacific |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
International Journal of Climatology volume 41, issue S1 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6909 |
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International Journal of Climatology |
container_volume |
41 |
container_issue |
S1 |
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1809893949831118848 |