Spatio‐temporal changes of atmospheric rivers in the Middle East and North Africa region
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow pathways of atmospheric humidity which have a critical role in the global water cycle and can affect natural phenomena such as severe storms and floods. In this article, their temporal and spatial changes in the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region have been...
Published in: | International Journal of Climatology |
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crwiley:10.1002/joc.6052 2024-06-23T07:55:13+00:00 Spatio‐temporal changes of atmospheric rivers in the Middle East and North Africa region Akbary, Mehry Salimi, Saadoun Hosseini, Seyed Assad Hosseini, Mahmoud 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.6052 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.6052 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6052 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/joc.6052 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6052 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor International Journal of Climatology volume 39, issue 10, page 3976-3986 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 journal-article 2019 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6052 2024-06-11T04:47:50Z Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow pathways of atmospheric humidity which have a critical role in the global water cycle and can affect natural phenomena such as severe storms and floods. In this article, their temporal and spatial changes in the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region have been investigated during a period of 30 years (1984–2013). After extracting the days with ARs, their frequency and sources were identified. In order to study the formation and moisture feeding mechanism of the ARs, the jet stream and atmospheric stream maps were produced, and their sources and movement paths were identified. The results showed that each year, about 13 ARs were observed and most of them occurred in the fall and winter seasons. The major reason for the formation of ARs is jet streams which, in all selected cases, were located about 100–150 hPa above the ARs. Most ARs originated over the North Atlantic Ocean and entered Africa from Mauritania and Senegal and after passing Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Iran entered Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Red Sea is a major moisture source which feeds ARs on their path. The results showed that the ARs in the MENA region experience convergence over this region which causes these events to narrow. A large number of the countries that studied is desert, the findings can be utilized in understanding the ways ARs can be useful and shortage of water resources in the region can be compensated. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Wiley Online Library International Journal of Climatology 39 10 3976 3986 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow pathways of atmospheric humidity which have a critical role in the global water cycle and can affect natural phenomena such as severe storms and floods. In this article, their temporal and spatial changes in the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region have been investigated during a period of 30 years (1984–2013). After extracting the days with ARs, their frequency and sources were identified. In order to study the formation and moisture feeding mechanism of the ARs, the jet stream and atmospheric stream maps were produced, and their sources and movement paths were identified. The results showed that each year, about 13 ARs were observed and most of them occurred in the fall and winter seasons. The major reason for the formation of ARs is jet streams which, in all selected cases, were located about 100–150 hPa above the ARs. Most ARs originated over the North Atlantic Ocean and entered Africa from Mauritania and Senegal and after passing Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Iran entered Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Red Sea is a major moisture source which feeds ARs on their path. The results showed that the ARs in the MENA region experience convergence over this region which causes these events to narrow. A large number of the countries that studied is desert, the findings can be utilized in understanding the ways ARs can be useful and shortage of water resources in the region can be compensated. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Akbary, Mehry Salimi, Saadoun Hosseini, Seyed Assad Hosseini, Mahmoud |
spellingShingle |
Akbary, Mehry Salimi, Saadoun Hosseini, Seyed Assad Hosseini, Mahmoud Spatio‐temporal changes of atmospheric rivers in the Middle East and North Africa region |
author_facet |
Akbary, Mehry Salimi, Saadoun Hosseini, Seyed Assad Hosseini, Mahmoud |
author_sort |
Akbary, Mehry |
title |
Spatio‐temporal changes of atmospheric rivers in the Middle East and North Africa region |
title_short |
Spatio‐temporal changes of atmospheric rivers in the Middle East and North Africa region |
title_full |
Spatio‐temporal changes of atmospheric rivers in the Middle East and North Africa region |
title_fullStr |
Spatio‐temporal changes of atmospheric rivers in the Middle East and North Africa region |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatio‐temporal changes of atmospheric rivers in the Middle East and North Africa region |
title_sort |
spatio‐temporal changes of atmospheric rivers in the middle east and north africa region |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.6052 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.6052 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6052 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/joc.6052 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6052 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
International Journal of Climatology volume 39, issue 10, page 3976-3986 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6052 |
container_title |
International Journal of Climatology |
container_volume |
39 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
3976 |
op_container_end_page |
3986 |
_version_ |
1802647695648620544 |