Snow cover trends in Finland over 1961–2014 based on gridded snow depth observations
Snow conditions in high‐latitude regions are changing in response to climate warming, and these changes are likely to accelerate as the warming proceeds. Here, we analyse daily gridded snow depth, temperature and precipitation data from Finland over the period 1961–2014 to discover the ongoing chang...
Published in: | International Journal of Climatology |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.6007 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.6007 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6007 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/joc.6007 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6007 |
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crwiley:10.1002/joc.6007 2024-06-23T07:55:30+00:00 Snow cover trends in Finland over 1961–2014 based on gridded snow depth observations Luomaranta, Anna Aalto, Juha Jylhä, Kirsti Luonnontieteiden ja Tekniikan Tutkimuksen Toimikunta 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.6007 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.6007 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6007 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/joc.6007 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6007 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ International Journal of Climatology volume 39, issue 7, page 3147-3159 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 journal-article 2019 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6007 2024-06-06T04:21:38Z Snow conditions in high‐latitude regions are changing in response to climate warming, and these changes are likely to accelerate as the warming proceeds. Here, we analyse daily gridded snow depth, temperature and precipitation data from Finland over the period 1961–2014 to discover the ongoing changes in monthly average snow depths (SN) and several snow‐related indices. Our results indicate that regional differences of changes in snow conditions can be relatively large, even within such a small district as Finland. Moreover, the interannual variation of the various snow indices was found to be larger in southern Finland than in northern Finland. The largest decrease in snow depth occurred in the southern, western and central parts of Finland in late winter and early spring. This decrease was driven by increasing mixed and liquid precipitation and, especially in spring, increasing temperature. In northern Finland, the decreasing trend of snow depth was most evident in spring, but no change occurred during winter months, although the amount of solid precipitation was found to increase in December–February. In the same months, temperature and the amount of mixed and liquid precipitation increased, likely counteracting the effects of the increasing solid precipitation on snow depth. The annual maximum snow depth that typically occurs in March was found to decrease in over 85% of Finland's area, most strongly in western coastal areas. In almost half of Finland's area, this decrease occurred despite increasing solid precipitation. Our findings highlight the complexity of the responses of snow conditions to climatic variability in northern Europe. Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Finland Wiley Online Library International Journal of Climatology 39 7 3147 3159 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Snow conditions in high‐latitude regions are changing in response to climate warming, and these changes are likely to accelerate as the warming proceeds. Here, we analyse daily gridded snow depth, temperature and precipitation data from Finland over the period 1961–2014 to discover the ongoing changes in monthly average snow depths (SN) and several snow‐related indices. Our results indicate that regional differences of changes in snow conditions can be relatively large, even within such a small district as Finland. Moreover, the interannual variation of the various snow indices was found to be larger in southern Finland than in northern Finland. The largest decrease in snow depth occurred in the southern, western and central parts of Finland in late winter and early spring. This decrease was driven by increasing mixed and liquid precipitation and, especially in spring, increasing temperature. In northern Finland, the decreasing trend of snow depth was most evident in spring, but no change occurred during winter months, although the amount of solid precipitation was found to increase in December–February. In the same months, temperature and the amount of mixed and liquid precipitation increased, likely counteracting the effects of the increasing solid precipitation on snow depth. The annual maximum snow depth that typically occurs in March was found to decrease in over 85% of Finland's area, most strongly in western coastal areas. In almost half of Finland's area, this decrease occurred despite increasing solid precipitation. Our findings highlight the complexity of the responses of snow conditions to climatic variability in northern Europe. |
author2 |
Luonnontieteiden ja Tekniikan Tutkimuksen Toimikunta |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Luomaranta, Anna Aalto, Juha Jylhä, Kirsti |
spellingShingle |
Luomaranta, Anna Aalto, Juha Jylhä, Kirsti Snow cover trends in Finland over 1961–2014 based on gridded snow depth observations |
author_facet |
Luomaranta, Anna Aalto, Juha Jylhä, Kirsti |
author_sort |
Luomaranta, Anna |
title |
Snow cover trends in Finland over 1961–2014 based on gridded snow depth observations |
title_short |
Snow cover trends in Finland over 1961–2014 based on gridded snow depth observations |
title_full |
Snow cover trends in Finland over 1961–2014 based on gridded snow depth observations |
title_fullStr |
Snow cover trends in Finland over 1961–2014 based on gridded snow depth observations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Snow cover trends in Finland over 1961–2014 based on gridded snow depth observations |
title_sort |
snow cover trends in finland over 1961–2014 based on gridded snow depth observations |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.6007 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.6007 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6007 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/joc.6007 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.6007 |
genre |
Northern Finland |
genre_facet |
Northern Finland |
op_source |
International Journal of Climatology volume 39, issue 7, page 3147-3159 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6007 |
container_title |
International Journal of Climatology |
container_volume |
39 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
3147 |
op_container_end_page |
3159 |
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1802648130706997248 |