European snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings
Abstract Snow cover in Europe represents an important component of the region's climatic system. Variability in snow cover extent can have major implications on factors such as low‐level atmospheric temperatures, soil temperatures, soil moisture, stream discharge, and energy allocation involved...
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crwiley:10.1002/joc.1990 2024-09-30T14:39:43+00:00 European snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings Henderson, Gina R. Leathers, Daniel J. 2010 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1990 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.1990 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.1990 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor International Journal of Climatology volume 30, issue 10, page 1440-1451 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 journal-article 2010 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1990 2024-09-17T04:48:06Z Abstract Snow cover in Europe represents an important component of the region's climatic system. Variability in snow cover extent can have major implications on factors such as low‐level atmospheric temperatures, soil temperatures, soil moisture, stream discharge, and energy allocation involved in the warming and melting of the snowpack. The majority of studies investigating Northern Hemisphere snow cover identify European snow cover extent as a portion of the Eurasian record, possibly masking complexities of this subset. This study explores the variability of European snow cover extent from 1967–2007, with the region in question including the area of Europe extending eastward to the Ural Mountains (60°E). Using the 89 × 89 gridded National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Northern Hemisphere weekly satellite snow cover product, area estimates of seasonal snow cover were calculated, and their relationship to gridded temperature, precipitation, and sea‐level pressure data analysed. The spatial variability of snow cover extent was also explored using geographical information systems (GIS). The combined results from both surface temperature and precipitation analyses point towards snow cover extent in Europe being primarily temperature dependent. Atmospheric variables associated with extremes in snow cover extent were investigated. Large (small) European snow extent is associated with negative (positive) 850 hPa zonal wind anomalies, negative (positive) European 1000–500 hPa thickness anomalies, and generally positive (negative) Northern European precipitation anomalies. Sea‐level pressure and 500 hPa results indicate strong associations between large (small) snow cover seasons and the negative (positive) phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation ural mountains Wiley Online Library International Journal of Climatology 30 10 1440 1451 |
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English |
description |
Abstract Snow cover in Europe represents an important component of the region's climatic system. Variability in snow cover extent can have major implications on factors such as low‐level atmospheric temperatures, soil temperatures, soil moisture, stream discharge, and energy allocation involved in the warming and melting of the snowpack. The majority of studies investigating Northern Hemisphere snow cover identify European snow cover extent as a portion of the Eurasian record, possibly masking complexities of this subset. This study explores the variability of European snow cover extent from 1967–2007, with the region in question including the area of Europe extending eastward to the Ural Mountains (60°E). Using the 89 × 89 gridded National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Northern Hemisphere weekly satellite snow cover product, area estimates of seasonal snow cover were calculated, and their relationship to gridded temperature, precipitation, and sea‐level pressure data analysed. The spatial variability of snow cover extent was also explored using geographical information systems (GIS). The combined results from both surface temperature and precipitation analyses point towards snow cover extent in Europe being primarily temperature dependent. Atmospheric variables associated with extremes in snow cover extent were investigated. Large (small) European snow extent is associated with negative (positive) 850 hPa zonal wind anomalies, negative (positive) European 1000–500 hPa thickness anomalies, and generally positive (negative) Northern European precipitation anomalies. Sea‐level pressure and 500 hPa results indicate strong associations between large (small) snow cover seasons and the negative (positive) phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Henderson, Gina R. Leathers, Daniel J. |
spellingShingle |
Henderson, Gina R. Leathers, Daniel J. European snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings |
author_facet |
Henderson, Gina R. Leathers, Daniel J. |
author_sort |
Henderson, Gina R. |
title |
European snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings |
title_short |
European snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings |
title_full |
European snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings |
title_fullStr |
European snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings |
title_full_unstemmed |
European snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings |
title_sort |
european snow cover extent variability and associations with atmospheric forcings |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1990 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.1990 https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.1990 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation ural mountains |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation ural mountains |
op_source |
International Journal of Climatology volume 30, issue 10, page 1440-1451 ISSN 0899-8418 1097-0088 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1990 |
container_title |
International Journal of Climatology |
container_volume |
30 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
1440 |
op_container_end_page |
1451 |
_version_ |
1811642323967148032 |