Seasonality of the northern hemisphere circumpolar vortex

• Published in: International Journal of Climatology
• Main Authors: Wrona, Kalyn M., Rohli, Robert V.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2006
• Subjects: Arctic; Pacific
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1430; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.1430; https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.1430

Abstract In previous research, Rohli et al . (2005) identified long‐term features of the northern hemispheric circumpolar vortex (NHCPV) in January. This research provides a seasonal analysis using December and February to augment the previously analyzed January data in representing winter, along with April, July, and October data to represent spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. A representative 500 hPa geopotential height contour was selected to delineate the NHCPV in each of the five months. The area, shape, and centroid of the monthly December, February, April, July, and October NHCPV are computed for 1959–2001 to supplement the previously identified January properties. These geometrical features of the NHCPV reveal relationships between hemispheric‐scale circulation and temperature anomalies throughout the year. A circularity ratio (Rohli et al. , 2005) is used to characterize the shape of the hemispheric‐scale circulation. Results suggest that only October exhibit long‐term trends in either area or circularity, with July being the most variable month in area and October being the most variable month in circularity. Centroids tend to be skewed toward the Pacific basin, except in spring, but few systematic temporal shifts in centroid position were noted for any month. The NHCPV is correlated with atmospheric teleconnection patterns in several months. For example, as was the case for January (Rohli et al. , 2005), the Arctic Oscillation (AO) is associated with the area of the December, February, and April NHCPV, while in December the circularity is positively correlated to the AO Index. Also, the Pacific‐North American index is correlated with the area of the December and February NHCPV and with the shape of the December and October NHCPV. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society