Micro‐CT guided illustration of the head anatomy of penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae)
Abstract The illustration is an important tool to aid in the description and understanding of anatomy, and penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) are an important clade in environmental monitoring, paleontology, and other research fields. Traditionally, anatomic illustration has been informe...
Published in: | Journal of Morphology |
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Language: | English |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21476 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmor.21476 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/jmor.21476 |
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crwiley:10.1002/jmor.21476 2024-06-23T07:56:21+00:00 Micro‐CT guided illustration of the head anatomy of penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) Hadden, Peter W. Ober, William C. Gerneke, Dane A. Thomas, Daniel Scadeng, Miriam McGhee, Charles N. J. Zhang, Jie 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21476 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmor.21476 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/jmor.21476 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Morphology volume 283, issue 6, page 827-851 ISSN 0362-2525 1097-4687 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21476 2024-06-04T06:48:27Z Abstract The illustration is an important tool to aid in the description and understanding of anatomy, and penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) are an important clade in environmental monitoring, paleontology, and other research fields. Traditionally, anatomic illustration has been informed by dissection. More recently, micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) has proven to be a powerful tool for three‐dimensional anatomic imaging, although larger specimens are more challenging to image due to increased X‐ray attenuation. Here, we used traditional dissection and micro‐CT to illustrate the skulls of Aptenodytes patagonicus , Eudyptula minor , and Pygoscelis papua , and the extracranial soft tissue of E. minor . Micro‐CT prevented the loss of orientation, disarticulation, and distortion of bones that might result from cleaning and drying skulls, while immobilization was achieved by freezing the specimens before imaging. All bony elements in the head were accurately depicted. Fixing, dehydrating, and diffusion staining with iodine (diceCT) enabled the identification of muscles and other large nonmineralized structures, but specimen preparation precluded the ability to show smaller nerves and vessels. The results presented here provide a guide for anatomic studies of penguins and our summary of sample preparation and imaging techniques are applicable for studies of other similarly sized biological specimens. Article in Journal/Newspaper Pygoscelis papua Wiley Online Library Journal of Morphology 283 6 827 851 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract The illustration is an important tool to aid in the description and understanding of anatomy, and penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) are an important clade in environmental monitoring, paleontology, and other research fields. Traditionally, anatomic illustration has been informed by dissection. More recently, micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) has proven to be a powerful tool for three‐dimensional anatomic imaging, although larger specimens are more challenging to image due to increased X‐ray attenuation. Here, we used traditional dissection and micro‐CT to illustrate the skulls of Aptenodytes patagonicus , Eudyptula minor , and Pygoscelis papua , and the extracranial soft tissue of E. minor . Micro‐CT prevented the loss of orientation, disarticulation, and distortion of bones that might result from cleaning and drying skulls, while immobilization was achieved by freezing the specimens before imaging. All bony elements in the head were accurately depicted. Fixing, dehydrating, and diffusion staining with iodine (diceCT) enabled the identification of muscles and other large nonmineralized structures, but specimen preparation precluded the ability to show smaller nerves and vessels. The results presented here provide a guide for anatomic studies of penguins and our summary of sample preparation and imaging techniques are applicable for studies of other similarly sized biological specimens. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hadden, Peter W. Ober, William C. Gerneke, Dane A. Thomas, Daniel Scadeng, Miriam McGhee, Charles N. J. Zhang, Jie |
spellingShingle |
Hadden, Peter W. Ober, William C. Gerneke, Dane A. Thomas, Daniel Scadeng, Miriam McGhee, Charles N. J. Zhang, Jie Micro‐CT guided illustration of the head anatomy of penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) |
author_facet |
Hadden, Peter W. Ober, William C. Gerneke, Dane A. Thomas, Daniel Scadeng, Miriam McGhee, Charles N. J. Zhang, Jie |
author_sort |
Hadden, Peter W. |
title |
Micro‐CT guided illustration of the head anatomy of penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) |
title_short |
Micro‐CT guided illustration of the head anatomy of penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) |
title_full |
Micro‐CT guided illustration of the head anatomy of penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) |
title_fullStr |
Micro‐CT guided illustration of the head anatomy of penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Micro‐CT guided illustration of the head anatomy of penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae) |
title_sort |
micro‐ct guided illustration of the head anatomy of penguins (aves: sphenisciformes: spheniscidae) |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21476 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmor.21476 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/jmor.21476 |
genre |
Pygoscelis papua |
genre_facet |
Pygoscelis papua |
op_source |
Journal of Morphology volume 283, issue 6, page 827-851 ISSN 0362-2525 1097-4687 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21476 |
container_title |
Journal of Morphology |
container_volume |
283 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
827 |
op_container_end_page |
851 |
_version_ |
1802649381660262400 |