Stages of embryonic development in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua
Abstract The early development of the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua was studied from fertilization until first‐feeding. Multiple families were reared at 7°C and a developmental staging series was prepared using morphological landmarks visible with the light microscope. Stages were named rather than num...
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crwiley:10.1002/jmor.10222 2024-09-15T17:55:26+00:00 Stages of embryonic development in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua Hall, Thomas E. Smith, Peter Johnston, Ian A. 2004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10222 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjmor.10222 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmor.10222 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Journal of Morphology volume 259, issue 3, page 255-270 ISSN 0362-2525 1097-4687 journal-article 2004 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10222 2024-08-27T04:28:15Z Abstract The early development of the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua was studied from fertilization until first‐feeding. Multiple families were reared at 7°C and a developmental staging series was prepared using morphological landmarks visible with the light microscope. Stages were named rather than numbered to allow for future additions and broadly grouped into larger time intervals called periods. The most useful staging features were found to be initially cell number, and later in development, somite number. The mean cell cycle time for the first six cleavages was 135 min and the linear regression equation for development of somites(s) over time (t) was s = 0.29t – 18.14. The segmentation period began at 220 h postfertilization (hpf), and unlike some other teleosts, the addition of new somites continued throughout the majority of embryonic development, until just prior to hatching. Hatching occurred at 256 hpf, after which individuals remained motionless at the water's surface, undergoing negative phototaxis only after the first day posthatch. The first‐feeding stage was reached at the end of the third day posthatch, subsequent to development of a functional jaw and hindgut. This staging series provides an essential baseline reference for future experiments involving developing cod embryos and for the aquaculture industry. J. Morphol. 259:255–270, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua Wiley Online Library Journal of Morphology 259 3 255 270 |
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English |
description |
Abstract The early development of the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua was studied from fertilization until first‐feeding. Multiple families were reared at 7°C and a developmental staging series was prepared using morphological landmarks visible with the light microscope. Stages were named rather than numbered to allow for future additions and broadly grouped into larger time intervals called periods. The most useful staging features were found to be initially cell number, and later in development, somite number. The mean cell cycle time for the first six cleavages was 135 min and the linear regression equation for development of somites(s) over time (t) was s = 0.29t – 18.14. The segmentation period began at 220 h postfertilization (hpf), and unlike some other teleosts, the addition of new somites continued throughout the majority of embryonic development, until just prior to hatching. Hatching occurred at 256 hpf, after which individuals remained motionless at the water's surface, undergoing negative phototaxis only after the first day posthatch. The first‐feeding stage was reached at the end of the third day posthatch, subsequent to development of a functional jaw and hindgut. This staging series provides an essential baseline reference for future experiments involving developing cod embryos and for the aquaculture industry. J. Morphol. 259:255–270, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hall, Thomas E. Smith, Peter Johnston, Ian A. |
spellingShingle |
Hall, Thomas E. Smith, Peter Johnston, Ian A. Stages of embryonic development in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
author_facet |
Hall, Thomas E. Smith, Peter Johnston, Ian A. |
author_sort |
Hall, Thomas E. |
title |
Stages of embryonic development in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
title_short |
Stages of embryonic development in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
title_full |
Stages of embryonic development in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
title_fullStr |
Stages of embryonic development in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
title_full_unstemmed |
Stages of embryonic development in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
title_sort |
stages of embryonic development in the atlantic cod gadus morhua |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10222 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjmor.10222 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmor.10222 |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_source |
Journal of Morphology volume 259, issue 3, page 255-270 ISSN 0362-2525 1097-4687 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10222 |
container_title |
Journal of Morphology |
container_volume |
259 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
255 |
op_container_end_page |
270 |
_version_ |
1810431725556203520 |