Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded‐ice and floating‐ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska
Abstract Thermokarst lakes cover > 20% of the landscape throughout much of the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) with shallow lakes freezing solid (grounded ice) and deeper lakes maintaining perennial liquid water (floating ice). Thus, lake depth relative to maximum ice thickness (1·5–2·0 m) rep...
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crwiley:10.1002/hyp.8019 2024-06-23T07:49:58+00:00 Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded‐ice and floating‐ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska Arp, Christopher D. Jones, Benjamin M. Urban, Frank E. Grosse, Guido 2011 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8019 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.8019 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.8019 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Hydrological Processes volume 25, issue 15, page 2422-2438 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 journal-article 2011 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8019 2024-06-11T04:45:40Z Abstract Thermokarst lakes cover > 20% of the landscape throughout much of the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) with shallow lakes freezing solid (grounded ice) and deeper lakes maintaining perennial liquid water (floating ice). Thus, lake depth relative to maximum ice thickness (1·5–2·0 m) represents an important threshold that impacts permafrost, aquatic habitat, and potentially geomorphic and hydrologic behaviour. We studied coupled hydrogeomorphic processes of 13 lakes representing a depth gradient across this threshold of maximum ice thickness by analysing remotely sensed, water quality, and climatic data over a 35‐year period. Shoreline erosion rates due to permafrost degradation ranged from < 0·2 m/year in very shallow lakes (0·4 m) up to 1·8 m/year in the deepest lakes (2·6 m). This pattern of thermokarst expansion masked detection of lake hydrologic change using remotely sensed imagery except for the shallowest lakes with stable shorelines. Changes in the surface area of these shallow lakes tracked interannual variation in precipitation minus evaporation (P − E L ) with periods of full and nearly dry basins. Shorter‐term (2004–2008) specific conductance data indicated a drying pattern across lakes of all depths consistent with the long‐term record for only shallow lakes. Our analysis suggests that grounded‐ice lakes are ice‐free on average 37 days longer than floating‐ice lakes resulting in a longer period of evaporative loss and more frequent negative P − E L . These results suggest divergent hydrogeomorphic responses to a changing Arctic climate depending on the threshold created by water depth relative to maximum ice thickness in ACP lakes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ice permafrost Thermokarst Alaska Wiley Online Library Arctic Ice Lakes ENVELOPE(-131.345,-131.345,60.413,60.413) Hydrological Processes 25 15 2422 2438 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Thermokarst lakes cover > 20% of the landscape throughout much of the Alaskan Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) with shallow lakes freezing solid (grounded ice) and deeper lakes maintaining perennial liquid water (floating ice). Thus, lake depth relative to maximum ice thickness (1·5–2·0 m) represents an important threshold that impacts permafrost, aquatic habitat, and potentially geomorphic and hydrologic behaviour. We studied coupled hydrogeomorphic processes of 13 lakes representing a depth gradient across this threshold of maximum ice thickness by analysing remotely sensed, water quality, and climatic data over a 35‐year period. Shoreline erosion rates due to permafrost degradation ranged from < 0·2 m/year in very shallow lakes (0·4 m) up to 1·8 m/year in the deepest lakes (2·6 m). This pattern of thermokarst expansion masked detection of lake hydrologic change using remotely sensed imagery except for the shallowest lakes with stable shorelines. Changes in the surface area of these shallow lakes tracked interannual variation in precipitation minus evaporation (P − E L ) with periods of full and nearly dry basins. Shorter‐term (2004–2008) specific conductance data indicated a drying pattern across lakes of all depths consistent with the long‐term record for only shallow lakes. Our analysis suggests that grounded‐ice lakes are ice‐free on average 37 days longer than floating‐ice lakes resulting in a longer period of evaporative loss and more frequent negative P − E L . These results suggest divergent hydrogeomorphic responses to a changing Arctic climate depending on the threshold created by water depth relative to maximum ice thickness in ACP lakes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Arp, Christopher D. Jones, Benjamin M. Urban, Frank E. Grosse, Guido |
spellingShingle |
Arp, Christopher D. Jones, Benjamin M. Urban, Frank E. Grosse, Guido Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded‐ice and floating‐ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska |
author_facet |
Arp, Christopher D. Jones, Benjamin M. Urban, Frank E. Grosse, Guido |
author_sort |
Arp, Christopher D. |
title |
Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded‐ice and floating‐ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska |
title_short |
Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded‐ice and floating‐ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska |
title_full |
Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded‐ice and floating‐ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska |
title_fullStr |
Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded‐ice and floating‐ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded‐ice and floating‐ice regimes on the Arctic coastal plain, Alaska |
title_sort |
hydrogeomorphic processes of thermokarst lakes with grounded‐ice and floating‐ice regimes on the arctic coastal plain, alaska |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8019 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.8019 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.8019 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-131.345,-131.345,60.413,60.413) |
geographic |
Arctic Ice Lakes |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Ice Lakes |
genre |
Arctic Ice permafrost Thermokarst Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ice permafrost Thermokarst Alaska |
op_source |
Hydrological Processes volume 25, issue 15, page 2422-2438 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8019 |
container_title |
Hydrological Processes |
container_volume |
25 |
container_issue |
15 |
container_start_page |
2422 |
op_container_end_page |
2438 |
_version_ |
1802640709108367360 |