Development of a historical ice database for the study of climate change in Canada
Abstract The Canadian government has been compiling various observations on freshwater and coastal sea ice conditions for many years. However, the records are not easily accessible and are dispersed within different government departments. Given this, a major effort was undertaken in order to gather...
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crwiley:10.1002/hyp.1235 2024-06-23T07:56:42+00:00 Development of a historical ice database for the study of climate change in Canada Lenormand, Frédéric Duguay, Claude R. Gauthier, Roger 2002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1235 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.1235 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.1235 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Hydrological Processes volume 16, issue 18, page 3707-3722 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 journal-article 2002 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1235 2024-06-11T04:51:16Z Abstract The Canadian government has been compiling various observations on freshwater and coastal sea ice conditions for many years. However, the records are not easily accessible and are dispersed within different government departments. Given this, a major effort was undertaken in order to gather all available observations into a common database—the Canadian Ice Database (CID). This database will respond to the needs for climate monitoring in Canada, the validation and improvement of numerical ice models and the development of new remote‐sensing methods. Indeed, several studies have shown that freshwater ice and sea ice are good proxy indicators of climate variability and change. The first version of CID contains in situ observations from 757 sites distributed across Canada, which were originally kept on digital or paper records at the Meteorological Service of Canada Headquarters and the Canadian Ice Service (CIS). The CID holds 63 546 records covering the period from ice season 1822–23 to 2000–01. An analysis of the database allows one to trace the temporal evolution of the ice networks. The freeze‐up/break‐up network of 2000–01 only represents 4% of what it was in 1985–86. A drastic decline of the ice thickness and the snow on ice network is also observable. In 1997–98, it represented only 10% of the network that existed in 1984–85. The major budget cuts in Canadian government agencies during the late 1980s and the 1990s offer the most plausible explanation for the drastic decline in the ice observation networks. Weekly ice coverage determination on large lakes from satellite imagery by the CIS and the national volunteer ice monitoring program, IceWatch, may provide a means of reviving, at least, the freeze‐up/break‐up network. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Wiley Online Library Canada Hydrological Processes 16 18 3707 3722 |
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Abstract The Canadian government has been compiling various observations on freshwater and coastal sea ice conditions for many years. However, the records are not easily accessible and are dispersed within different government departments. Given this, a major effort was undertaken in order to gather all available observations into a common database—the Canadian Ice Database (CID). This database will respond to the needs for climate monitoring in Canada, the validation and improvement of numerical ice models and the development of new remote‐sensing methods. Indeed, several studies have shown that freshwater ice and sea ice are good proxy indicators of climate variability and change. The first version of CID contains in situ observations from 757 sites distributed across Canada, which were originally kept on digital or paper records at the Meteorological Service of Canada Headquarters and the Canadian Ice Service (CIS). The CID holds 63 546 records covering the period from ice season 1822–23 to 2000–01. An analysis of the database allows one to trace the temporal evolution of the ice networks. The freeze‐up/break‐up network of 2000–01 only represents 4% of what it was in 1985–86. A drastic decline of the ice thickness and the snow on ice network is also observable. In 1997–98, it represented only 10% of the network that existed in 1984–85. The major budget cuts in Canadian government agencies during the late 1980s and the 1990s offer the most plausible explanation for the drastic decline in the ice observation networks. Weekly ice coverage determination on large lakes from satellite imagery by the CIS and the national volunteer ice monitoring program, IceWatch, may provide a means of reviving, at least, the freeze‐up/break‐up network. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lenormand, Frédéric Duguay, Claude R. Gauthier, Roger |
spellingShingle |
Lenormand, Frédéric Duguay, Claude R. Gauthier, Roger Development of a historical ice database for the study of climate change in Canada |
author_facet |
Lenormand, Frédéric Duguay, Claude R. Gauthier, Roger |
author_sort |
Lenormand, Frédéric |
title |
Development of a historical ice database for the study of climate change in Canada |
title_short |
Development of a historical ice database for the study of climate change in Canada |
title_full |
Development of a historical ice database for the study of climate change in Canada |
title_fullStr |
Development of a historical ice database for the study of climate change in Canada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development of a historical ice database for the study of climate change in Canada |
title_sort |
development of a historical ice database for the study of climate change in canada |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2002 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1235 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.1235 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.1235 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
Hydrological Processes volume 16, issue 18, page 3707-3722 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1235 |
container_title |
Hydrological Processes |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
18 |
container_start_page |
3707 |
op_container_end_page |
3722 |
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1802649993553641472 |