Arctic Mackenzie Deltachannel planform evolution during 1983–2013 utilising Landsatdata and hydrological time series
Abstract Arctic deltas, such as the Mackenzie Delta, are expected to face major climate change and increased human influence in the near future. Deltas are characterised by highly dynamic fluvial processes, and changing climate will cause considerable evolution of the riverine environment. The chang...
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crwiley:10.1002/hyp.11315 2024-09-15T18:02:19+00:00 Arctic Mackenzie Deltachannel planform evolution during 1983–2013 utilising Landsatdata and hydrological time series Vesakoski, Jenni‐Mari Nylén, Tua Arheimer, Berit Gustafsson, David Isberg, Kristina Holopainen, Markus Hyyppä, Juha Alho, Petteri Academy of Finland 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11315 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.11315 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.11315 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Hydrological Processes volume 31, issue 22, page 3979-3995 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 journal-article 2017 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11315 2024-07-11T04:34:50Z Abstract Arctic deltas, such as the Mackenzie Delta, are expected to face major climate change and increased human influence in the near future. Deltas are characterised by highly dynamic fluvial processes, and changing climate will cause considerable evolution of the riverine environment. The changes are difficult to predict with existing knowledge and data. This study quantified channel planform change of the Mackenzie Delta (1983–2013), analysing its temporal and spatial patterns. We addressed the main obstacle of research on large remote areas, the lack of data, by developing a unique work flow that utilised Landsat satellite imagery, hydrological time series, remote sensing‐based change analysis, and automatic vectorisation of channels. Our results indicate that the Mackenzie Delta experienced constant evolution but at a highly varying rate over the 30 years. The study demonstrates that the magnitude and duration of flood peaks and the presence of spring ice breakup floods determine the rate of Arctic delta planform change. Changing winter conditions and spring flood magnitudes may therefore affect the stability of Arctic deltas. However, no clear trends towards decreased recurrence or magnitude of spring floods or increased instability of the delta plain have yet been observed in the Mackenzie Delta. The delta plain was most dynamic at the beginning and at the end of the examined period, corresponding to intense flooding, whereas the rates of change were subtle during the low‐flood period 1994–2007. The largest changes have occurred along the wide Middle Channel and in the outermost delta. Relative to their size, however, smaller meandering channels have been highly dynamic. Hotspots of change in the delta plain are located in anastomosing and braiding channel segments and, at the local scale, in point bars and cut‐banks along meandering channels. Our study describes how Landsat satellite data can be utilised for advancing fluvial geomorphological research in remote areas. However, cloudiness in the delta ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Climate change Mackenzie Delta Wiley Online Library Hydrological Processes 31 22 3979 3995 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
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Abstract Arctic deltas, such as the Mackenzie Delta, are expected to face major climate change and increased human influence in the near future. Deltas are characterised by highly dynamic fluvial processes, and changing climate will cause considerable evolution of the riverine environment. The changes are difficult to predict with existing knowledge and data. This study quantified channel planform change of the Mackenzie Delta (1983–2013), analysing its temporal and spatial patterns. We addressed the main obstacle of research on large remote areas, the lack of data, by developing a unique work flow that utilised Landsat satellite imagery, hydrological time series, remote sensing‐based change analysis, and automatic vectorisation of channels. Our results indicate that the Mackenzie Delta experienced constant evolution but at a highly varying rate over the 30 years. The study demonstrates that the magnitude and duration of flood peaks and the presence of spring ice breakup floods determine the rate of Arctic delta planform change. Changing winter conditions and spring flood magnitudes may therefore affect the stability of Arctic deltas. However, no clear trends towards decreased recurrence or magnitude of spring floods or increased instability of the delta plain have yet been observed in the Mackenzie Delta. The delta plain was most dynamic at the beginning and at the end of the examined period, corresponding to intense flooding, whereas the rates of change were subtle during the low‐flood period 1994–2007. The largest changes have occurred along the wide Middle Channel and in the outermost delta. Relative to their size, however, smaller meandering channels have been highly dynamic. Hotspots of change in the delta plain are located in anastomosing and braiding channel segments and, at the local scale, in point bars and cut‐banks along meandering channels. Our study describes how Landsat satellite data can be utilised for advancing fluvial geomorphological research in remote areas. However, cloudiness in the delta ... |
author2 |
Academy of Finland |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vesakoski, Jenni‐Mari Nylén, Tua Arheimer, Berit Gustafsson, David Isberg, Kristina Holopainen, Markus Hyyppä, Juha Alho, Petteri |
spellingShingle |
Vesakoski, Jenni‐Mari Nylén, Tua Arheimer, Berit Gustafsson, David Isberg, Kristina Holopainen, Markus Hyyppä, Juha Alho, Petteri Arctic Mackenzie Deltachannel planform evolution during 1983–2013 utilising Landsatdata and hydrological time series |
author_facet |
Vesakoski, Jenni‐Mari Nylén, Tua Arheimer, Berit Gustafsson, David Isberg, Kristina Holopainen, Markus Hyyppä, Juha Alho, Petteri |
author_sort |
Vesakoski, Jenni‐Mari |
title |
Arctic Mackenzie Deltachannel planform evolution during 1983–2013 utilising Landsatdata and hydrological time series |
title_short |
Arctic Mackenzie Deltachannel planform evolution during 1983–2013 utilising Landsatdata and hydrological time series |
title_full |
Arctic Mackenzie Deltachannel planform evolution during 1983–2013 utilising Landsatdata and hydrological time series |
title_fullStr |
Arctic Mackenzie Deltachannel planform evolution during 1983–2013 utilising Landsatdata and hydrological time series |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arctic Mackenzie Deltachannel planform evolution during 1983–2013 utilising Landsatdata and hydrological time series |
title_sort |
arctic mackenzie deltachannel planform evolution during 1983–2013 utilising landsatdata and hydrological time series |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11315 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.11315 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.11315 |
genre |
Climate change Mackenzie Delta |
genre_facet |
Climate change Mackenzie Delta |
op_source |
Hydrological Processes volume 31, issue 22, page 3979-3995 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11315 |
container_title |
Hydrological Processes |
container_volume |
31 |
container_issue |
22 |
container_start_page |
3979 |
op_container_end_page |
3995 |
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1810439775822282752 |