Evaluating the hydrological and hydrochemical responses of a High Arctic catchment during an exceptionally warm summer
Abstract The Arctic has experienced substantial warming during the past century with models projecting continued warming accompanied by increases in summer precipitation for most regions. A key impact of increasing air surface temperatures is the deepening of the active layer, which is expected to a...
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crwiley:10.1002/hyp.11191 2024-10-20T14:06:25+00:00 Evaluating the hydrological and hydrochemical responses of a High Arctic catchment during an exceptionally warm summer Lamhonwah, Daniel Lafrenière, Melissa J. Lamoureux, Scott F. Wolfe, Brent B. 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11191 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.11191 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.11191 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Hydrological Processes volume 31, issue 12, page 2296-2313 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 journal-article 2017 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11191 2024-10-07T04:30:46Z Abstract The Arctic has experienced substantial warming during the past century with models projecting continued warming accompanied by increases in summer precipitation for most regions. A key impact of increasing air surface temperatures is the deepening of the active layer, which is expected to alter hydrological processes and pathways. The aim of this study was to determine how one of the warmest and wettest summers in the past decade at a High Arctic watershed impacted water infiltration and storage in deeply thawed soil and solute concentrations in stream runoff during the thaw period. In June and July 2012 at the Cape Bounty Watershed Observatory, we combined active layer measurements with major ion concentrations and stable isotopes in surface waters to characterize the movement of different runoff sources: snowmelt, rainfall, and soil water. Results indicate that deep ground thaw enhanced the storage of infiltrated water following rainfall. Soil water from infiltrated rainfall flowed through the thawed transient layer and upper permafrost, which likely solubilized ions previously stored at depth. Subsequent rainfall events acted as a hydrological flushing mechanism, mobilizing solutes from the subsurface to the surface. This solute flushing substantially increased ion concentrations in stream runoff throughout mid to late July. Results further suggest the importance of rainfall and soil water as sources of runoff in a High Arctic catchment during mid to late summer as infiltrated snowmelt is drained from soil following baseflow. Although there was some evaporation of surface water, our study indicates that flushing from solute stores in the transient layer was the primary driver of increased ion concentrations in stream runoff and not evaporative concentration of surface water. With warmer and wetter summers projected for the Arctic, ion concentrations in runoff (especially in the late thaw season), will likely increase due to the deep storage and subsurface flow of infiltrated water and subsequent ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic permafrost Wiley Online Library Arctic Cape Bounty ENVELOPE(-109.542,-109.542,74.863,74.863) Hydrological Processes 31 12 2296 2313 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract The Arctic has experienced substantial warming during the past century with models projecting continued warming accompanied by increases in summer precipitation for most regions. A key impact of increasing air surface temperatures is the deepening of the active layer, which is expected to alter hydrological processes and pathways. The aim of this study was to determine how one of the warmest and wettest summers in the past decade at a High Arctic watershed impacted water infiltration and storage in deeply thawed soil and solute concentrations in stream runoff during the thaw period. In June and July 2012 at the Cape Bounty Watershed Observatory, we combined active layer measurements with major ion concentrations and stable isotopes in surface waters to characterize the movement of different runoff sources: snowmelt, rainfall, and soil water. Results indicate that deep ground thaw enhanced the storage of infiltrated water following rainfall. Soil water from infiltrated rainfall flowed through the thawed transient layer and upper permafrost, which likely solubilized ions previously stored at depth. Subsequent rainfall events acted as a hydrological flushing mechanism, mobilizing solutes from the subsurface to the surface. This solute flushing substantially increased ion concentrations in stream runoff throughout mid to late July. Results further suggest the importance of rainfall and soil water as sources of runoff in a High Arctic catchment during mid to late summer as infiltrated snowmelt is drained from soil following baseflow. Although there was some evaporation of surface water, our study indicates that flushing from solute stores in the transient layer was the primary driver of increased ion concentrations in stream runoff and not evaporative concentration of surface water. With warmer and wetter summers projected for the Arctic, ion concentrations in runoff (especially in the late thaw season), will likely increase due to the deep storage and subsurface flow of infiltrated water and subsequent ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lamhonwah, Daniel Lafrenière, Melissa J. Lamoureux, Scott F. Wolfe, Brent B. |
spellingShingle |
Lamhonwah, Daniel Lafrenière, Melissa J. Lamoureux, Scott F. Wolfe, Brent B. Evaluating the hydrological and hydrochemical responses of a High Arctic catchment during an exceptionally warm summer |
author_facet |
Lamhonwah, Daniel Lafrenière, Melissa J. Lamoureux, Scott F. Wolfe, Brent B. |
author_sort |
Lamhonwah, Daniel |
title |
Evaluating the hydrological and hydrochemical responses of a High Arctic catchment during an exceptionally warm summer |
title_short |
Evaluating the hydrological and hydrochemical responses of a High Arctic catchment during an exceptionally warm summer |
title_full |
Evaluating the hydrological and hydrochemical responses of a High Arctic catchment during an exceptionally warm summer |
title_fullStr |
Evaluating the hydrological and hydrochemical responses of a High Arctic catchment during an exceptionally warm summer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluating the hydrological and hydrochemical responses of a High Arctic catchment during an exceptionally warm summer |
title_sort |
evaluating the hydrological and hydrochemical responses of a high arctic catchment during an exceptionally warm summer |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11191 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.11191 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.11191 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-109.542,-109.542,74.863,74.863) |
geographic |
Arctic Cape Bounty |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Cape Bounty |
genre |
Arctic permafrost |
genre_facet |
Arctic permafrost |
op_source |
Hydrological Processes volume 31, issue 12, page 2296-2313 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11191 |
container_title |
Hydrological Processes |
container_volume |
31 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
2296 |
op_container_end_page |
2313 |
_version_ |
1813444905075212288 |