Glacial and periglacial floodplain sediments regulate hydrologic transfer of reactive iron to a high arctic fjord
Abstract The transport of reactive iron (i.e. colloidal and dissolved) by a glacier‐fed stream system draining a high relief periglacial landscape in the high Arctic archipelago of Svalbard is described. A negative, non‐linear relationship between discharge and iron concentration is found, indicativ...
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crwiley:10.1002/hyp.10701 2024-06-09T07:42:41+00:00 Glacial and periglacial floodplain sediments regulate hydrologic transfer of reactive iron to a high arctic fjord Hodson, Andrew Nowak, Aga Christiansen, Hanne Longyearbyen Lokalstyre Bydrift 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10701 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.10701 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.10701 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Hydrological Processes volume 30, issue 8, page 1219-1229 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 journal-article 2015 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10701 2024-05-16T14:23:08Z Abstract The transport of reactive iron (i.e. colloidal and dissolved) by a glacier‐fed stream system draining a high relief periglacial landscape in the high Arctic archipelago of Svalbard is described. A negative, non‐linear relationship between discharge and iron concentration is found, indicative of increased iron acquisition along baseflow pathways. Because the glaciers are cold‐based and there are no intra‐ or sub‐permafrost groundwater springs, baseflow is principally supplied by the active layer and the colluvial and alluvial sediments in the lower valley. Collectively, these environments increase the flux of iron in the stream by 40% over a floodplain length of just 8 km, resulting in 6 kg Fe km −2 a −1 of reactive iron export for a 20% glacierized watershed. We show that pyrite oxidation in shallow‐groundwater flowpaths of the floodplain is the most important source of reactive iron, although it is far less influential in the upper parts of the catchment where other sources are significant (including ironstone and secondary oxide coatings). Microbial catalysis of the pyrite oxidation occurs in the floodplain, enabling rapid, hyporheic water exchange to enhance the iron fluxes at high discharge and cause the non‐linear relationship between discharge and reactive iron concentrations. Furthermore, because the pyrite oxidation is tightly coupled to carbonate and silicate mineral weathering, other nutrients such as base cations and silica are also released to the stream system. Our work therefore shows that high Arctic floodplains should be regarded as critically important regulators of terrestrial nutrient fluxes to coastal ecosystems from glacial and periglacial sources. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Archipelago Arctic glacier permafrost Svalbard Wiley Online Library Arctic Svalbard Hydrological Processes 30 8 1219 1229 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract The transport of reactive iron (i.e. colloidal and dissolved) by a glacier‐fed stream system draining a high relief periglacial landscape in the high Arctic archipelago of Svalbard is described. A negative, non‐linear relationship between discharge and iron concentration is found, indicative of increased iron acquisition along baseflow pathways. Because the glaciers are cold‐based and there are no intra‐ or sub‐permafrost groundwater springs, baseflow is principally supplied by the active layer and the colluvial and alluvial sediments in the lower valley. Collectively, these environments increase the flux of iron in the stream by 40% over a floodplain length of just 8 km, resulting in 6 kg Fe km −2 a −1 of reactive iron export for a 20% glacierized watershed. We show that pyrite oxidation in shallow‐groundwater flowpaths of the floodplain is the most important source of reactive iron, although it is far less influential in the upper parts of the catchment where other sources are significant (including ironstone and secondary oxide coatings). Microbial catalysis of the pyrite oxidation occurs in the floodplain, enabling rapid, hyporheic water exchange to enhance the iron fluxes at high discharge and cause the non‐linear relationship between discharge and reactive iron concentrations. Furthermore, because the pyrite oxidation is tightly coupled to carbonate and silicate mineral weathering, other nutrients such as base cations and silica are also released to the stream system. Our work therefore shows that high Arctic floodplains should be regarded as critically important regulators of terrestrial nutrient fluxes to coastal ecosystems from glacial and periglacial sources. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
author2 |
Longyearbyen Lokalstyre Bydrift |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hodson, Andrew Nowak, Aga Christiansen, Hanne |
spellingShingle |
Hodson, Andrew Nowak, Aga Christiansen, Hanne Glacial and periglacial floodplain sediments regulate hydrologic transfer of reactive iron to a high arctic fjord |
author_facet |
Hodson, Andrew Nowak, Aga Christiansen, Hanne |
author_sort |
Hodson, Andrew |
title |
Glacial and periglacial floodplain sediments regulate hydrologic transfer of reactive iron to a high arctic fjord |
title_short |
Glacial and periglacial floodplain sediments regulate hydrologic transfer of reactive iron to a high arctic fjord |
title_full |
Glacial and periglacial floodplain sediments regulate hydrologic transfer of reactive iron to a high arctic fjord |
title_fullStr |
Glacial and periglacial floodplain sediments regulate hydrologic transfer of reactive iron to a high arctic fjord |
title_full_unstemmed |
Glacial and periglacial floodplain sediments regulate hydrologic transfer of reactive iron to a high arctic fjord |
title_sort |
glacial and periglacial floodplain sediments regulate hydrologic transfer of reactive iron to a high arctic fjord |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10701 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.10701 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.10701 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic glacier permafrost Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic glacier permafrost Svalbard |
op_source |
Hydrological Processes volume 30, issue 8, page 1219-1229 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10701 |
container_title |
Hydrological Processes |
container_volume |
30 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1219 |
op_container_end_page |
1229 |
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1801371428614832128 |