Aircraft observations of surface–atmosphere exchange during and after snow melt for different arctic environments: MAGS 1999
Abstract The arctic environment, and in particular the Mackenzie Basin, displays a very dynamic interrelationship between the atmosphere and the surface for the different ecosystems represented. The Canadian Twin Otter research aircraft flew a total of 24 grid and long regional transects, over tundr...
Published in: | Hydrological Processes |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2001
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1044 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.1044 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.1044 |
id |
crwiley:10.1002/hyp.1044 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crwiley:10.1002/hyp.1044 2024-10-13T14:05:07+00:00 Aircraft observations of surface–atmosphere exchange during and after snow melt for different arctic environments: MAGS 1999 Brown‐Mitic, Constance M. MacPherson, Ian J. Schuepp, Peter H. Nagarajan, Badrinath Yau, Peter M. K. Bales, Roger 2001 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1044 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.1044 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.1044 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Hydrological Processes volume 15, issue 18, page 3585-3602 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 journal-article 2001 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1044 2024-09-17T04:51:40Z Abstract The arctic environment, and in particular the Mackenzie Basin, displays a very dynamic interrelationship between the atmosphere and the surface for the different ecosystems represented. The Canadian Twin Otter research aircraft flew a total of 24 grid and long regional transects, over tundra, forest and delta ecosystems, during the period of snow melt (late May–early June) and early summer (early July) as part of the 1999 Mackenzie Area GEWEX (Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment) Study (MAGS) field campaign. Observations over tundra showed a sharp rise in the sensible heat flux at the onset of melt, reaching a maximum at the end of the melting period similar to those observed in early summer. The latent heat flux showed a more gradual rise from snowmelt to early summer with a Bowen ratio (sensible heat/latent heat) of two during melt. The forested system demonstrated a similar gradual rise in the latent heat flux, whereas the sensible heat flux was already high with Bowen ratios reaching three at the start of the observation period in late May. The gradual rise in latent heat flux can be tied to gradual thawing of the root zone and the onset of photosynthesis activity. The relatively low solar elevation angle and earlier start of snow melt along the regional transect may account for the much larger sensible heat flux. An analysis of the turbulent coherent structures indicates that the spatial density of structures for both latent heat and sensible heat increases strongly with season, from snow melt into the early summer conditions. This has implications for sampling criteria and optimum flux averaging period. There are distinct differences in energy partitioning between the various arctic ecosystems. At the beginning of the observation period, almost all the net radiation over the delta and tundra regions is utilized in non‐turbulent form, whereas the forested areas use less than 50%. Model simulations of the ground heat flux showed observed diurnal imbalances and suggest that the magnitudes depend ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Mackenzie Basin Tundra Wiley Online Library Arctic Hydrological Processes 15 18 3585 3602 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract The arctic environment, and in particular the Mackenzie Basin, displays a very dynamic interrelationship between the atmosphere and the surface for the different ecosystems represented. The Canadian Twin Otter research aircraft flew a total of 24 grid and long regional transects, over tundra, forest and delta ecosystems, during the period of snow melt (late May–early June) and early summer (early July) as part of the 1999 Mackenzie Area GEWEX (Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment) Study (MAGS) field campaign. Observations over tundra showed a sharp rise in the sensible heat flux at the onset of melt, reaching a maximum at the end of the melting period similar to those observed in early summer. The latent heat flux showed a more gradual rise from snowmelt to early summer with a Bowen ratio (sensible heat/latent heat) of two during melt. The forested system demonstrated a similar gradual rise in the latent heat flux, whereas the sensible heat flux was already high with Bowen ratios reaching three at the start of the observation period in late May. The gradual rise in latent heat flux can be tied to gradual thawing of the root zone and the onset of photosynthesis activity. The relatively low solar elevation angle and earlier start of snow melt along the regional transect may account for the much larger sensible heat flux. An analysis of the turbulent coherent structures indicates that the spatial density of structures for both latent heat and sensible heat increases strongly with season, from snow melt into the early summer conditions. This has implications for sampling criteria and optimum flux averaging period. There are distinct differences in energy partitioning between the various arctic ecosystems. At the beginning of the observation period, almost all the net radiation over the delta and tundra regions is utilized in non‐turbulent form, whereas the forested areas use less than 50%. Model simulations of the ground heat flux showed observed diurnal imbalances and suggest that the magnitudes depend ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brown‐Mitic, Constance M. MacPherson, Ian J. Schuepp, Peter H. Nagarajan, Badrinath Yau, Peter M. K. Bales, Roger |
spellingShingle |
Brown‐Mitic, Constance M. MacPherson, Ian J. Schuepp, Peter H. Nagarajan, Badrinath Yau, Peter M. K. Bales, Roger Aircraft observations of surface–atmosphere exchange during and after snow melt for different arctic environments: MAGS 1999 |
author_facet |
Brown‐Mitic, Constance M. MacPherson, Ian J. Schuepp, Peter H. Nagarajan, Badrinath Yau, Peter M. K. Bales, Roger |
author_sort |
Brown‐Mitic, Constance M. |
title |
Aircraft observations of surface–atmosphere exchange during and after snow melt for different arctic environments: MAGS 1999 |
title_short |
Aircraft observations of surface–atmosphere exchange during and after snow melt for different arctic environments: MAGS 1999 |
title_full |
Aircraft observations of surface–atmosphere exchange during and after snow melt for different arctic environments: MAGS 1999 |
title_fullStr |
Aircraft observations of surface–atmosphere exchange during and after snow melt for different arctic environments: MAGS 1999 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aircraft observations of surface–atmosphere exchange during and after snow melt for different arctic environments: MAGS 1999 |
title_sort |
aircraft observations of surface–atmosphere exchange during and after snow melt for different arctic environments: mags 1999 |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2001 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1044 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhyp.1044 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hyp.1044 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Mackenzie Basin Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Mackenzie Basin Tundra |
op_source |
Hydrological Processes volume 15, issue 18, page 3585-3602 ISSN 0885-6087 1099-1085 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1044 |
container_title |
Hydrological Processes |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
18 |
container_start_page |
3585 |
op_container_end_page |
3602 |
_version_ |
1812811000293883904 |