Sensitivity of fish embryos to weathered crude oil: Part I. Low‐level exposure during incubation causes malformations, genetic damage, and mortality in larval pacific herring ( Clupea pallasi)
Abstract Pacific herring eggs were exposed for 16 d to weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil. Exposure to an initial aqueous concentration of 0.7 parts per billion (ppb) polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) caused malformations, genetic damage, mortality, and decreased size and inhibited swimmi...
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crwiley:10.1002/etc.5620180317 2024-09-15T17:35:33+00:00 Sensitivity of fish embryos to weathered crude oil: Part I. Low‐level exposure during incubation causes malformations, genetic damage, and mortality in larval pacific herring ( Clupea pallasi) Carls, Mark G. Rice, Stanley D. Hose, Jo Ellen 1999 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620180317 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fetc.5620180317 https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.5620180317 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry volume 18, issue 3, page 481-493 ISSN 0730-7268 1552-8618 journal-article 1999 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620180317 2024-08-30T04:11:37Z Abstract Pacific herring eggs were exposed for 16 d to weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil. Exposure to an initial aqueous concentration of 0.7 parts per billion (ppb) polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) caused malformations, genetic damage, mortality, and decreased size and inhibited swimming. Total aqueous PAH concentrations as low as 0.4 ppb caused sublethal responses such as yolk sac edema and immaturity consistent with premature hatching. Responses to less weathered oil, which had relatively lower proportions of high molecular weight PAH, generally paralleled those of more weathered oil, but lowest observed effective concentrations (LOECs) were higher (9.1 ppb), demonstrating the importance of composition. The LOEC for more weathered oil (0.4 ppb) was similar to that observed in pink salmon (1.0 ppb), a species with a very different development rate; by inference, other species may be similarly sensitive to weathered oil. Our methods simulated conditions observed in Prince William Sound (PWS) following the Exxon Valdez oil (EVO) spill. Biological effects were identical to those observed in embryolarval herring from PWS in 1989 and support the conclusion that EVO caused significant damage to herring in PWS. Previous demonstration by our laboratory that most malformed or precocious larvae die corroborates the decreased larval production measured after the spill. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alaska North Slope north slope Pink salmon Alaska Wiley Online Library Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 18 3 481 493 |
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collection |
Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Pacific herring eggs were exposed for 16 d to weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil. Exposure to an initial aqueous concentration of 0.7 parts per billion (ppb) polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) caused malformations, genetic damage, mortality, and decreased size and inhibited swimming. Total aqueous PAH concentrations as low as 0.4 ppb caused sublethal responses such as yolk sac edema and immaturity consistent with premature hatching. Responses to less weathered oil, which had relatively lower proportions of high molecular weight PAH, generally paralleled those of more weathered oil, but lowest observed effective concentrations (LOECs) were higher (9.1 ppb), demonstrating the importance of composition. The LOEC for more weathered oil (0.4 ppb) was similar to that observed in pink salmon (1.0 ppb), a species with a very different development rate; by inference, other species may be similarly sensitive to weathered oil. Our methods simulated conditions observed in Prince William Sound (PWS) following the Exxon Valdez oil (EVO) spill. Biological effects were identical to those observed in embryolarval herring from PWS in 1989 and support the conclusion that EVO caused significant damage to herring in PWS. Previous demonstration by our laboratory that most malformed or precocious larvae die corroborates the decreased larval production measured after the spill. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Carls, Mark G. Rice, Stanley D. Hose, Jo Ellen |
spellingShingle |
Carls, Mark G. Rice, Stanley D. Hose, Jo Ellen Sensitivity of fish embryos to weathered crude oil: Part I. Low‐level exposure during incubation causes malformations, genetic damage, and mortality in larval pacific herring ( Clupea pallasi) |
author_facet |
Carls, Mark G. Rice, Stanley D. Hose, Jo Ellen |
author_sort |
Carls, Mark G. |
title |
Sensitivity of fish embryos to weathered crude oil: Part I. Low‐level exposure during incubation causes malformations, genetic damage, and mortality in larval pacific herring ( Clupea pallasi) |
title_short |
Sensitivity of fish embryos to weathered crude oil: Part I. Low‐level exposure during incubation causes malformations, genetic damage, and mortality in larval pacific herring ( Clupea pallasi) |
title_full |
Sensitivity of fish embryos to weathered crude oil: Part I. Low‐level exposure during incubation causes malformations, genetic damage, and mortality in larval pacific herring ( Clupea pallasi) |
title_fullStr |
Sensitivity of fish embryos to weathered crude oil: Part I. Low‐level exposure during incubation causes malformations, genetic damage, and mortality in larval pacific herring ( Clupea pallasi) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sensitivity of fish embryos to weathered crude oil: Part I. Low‐level exposure during incubation causes malformations, genetic damage, and mortality in larval pacific herring ( Clupea pallasi) |
title_sort |
sensitivity of fish embryos to weathered crude oil: part i. low‐level exposure during incubation causes malformations, genetic damage, and mortality in larval pacific herring ( clupea pallasi) |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
1999 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620180317 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fetc.5620180317 https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.5620180317 |
genre |
Alaska North Slope north slope Pink salmon Alaska |
genre_facet |
Alaska North Slope north slope Pink salmon Alaska |
op_source |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry volume 18, issue 3, page 481-493 ISSN 0730-7268 1552-8618 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620180317 |
container_title |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
481 |
op_container_end_page |
493 |
_version_ |
1810466003095650304 |