High Levels of Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Killer Whales ( Orcinus orca) from Norway, 2015 to 2017
Abstract Little is known of the movement or presence of unregulated, emerging contaminants in top predators. The aim of the present study was to conduct the first screening of legacy and emerging contaminants in multiple tissues of killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) from Norway and investigate tissue pa...
Published in: | Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
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crwiley:10.1002/etc.5064 2024-06-23T07:50:40+00:00 High Levels of Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Killer Whales ( Orcinus orca) from Norway, 2015 to 2017 Andvik, Clare Jourdain, Eve Lyche, Jan L. Karoliussen, Richard Borgå, Katrine SeaWorld and Busch Gardens Conservation Fund 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5064 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.5064 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/etc.5064 https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.5064 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry volume 40, issue 7, page 1848-1858 ISSN 0730-7268 1552-8618 journal-article 2021 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5064 2024-05-31T08:13:06Z Abstract Little is known of the movement or presence of unregulated, emerging contaminants in top predators. The aim of the present study was to conduct the first screening of legacy and emerging contaminants in multiple tissues of killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) from Norway and investigate tissue partitioning and maternal transfer. Blubber was collected from 8 killer whales in 2015 to 2017, in addition to muscle from 5 of the individuals, and kidney, liver, heart, and spleen from a neonate. We screened for 4 unregulated brominated flame retardants and found pentabromotoluene (PBT) and hexabromobenzene (HBB) at low levels in the blubber of all individuals (median PBT 0.091 ng/g lipid wt, median HBB 1.4 ng/g lipid wt). Levels of PBT and HBB (wet wt) were twice as high in the blubber than the muscle for each individual, confirming preferential accumulation in lipid‐rich tissues. Perfluoroalkyl substances and total mercury levels were lower in the neonate than adults, suggesting less efficient maternal transfer of these substances. Polychlorinated biphenyl levels in blubber exceeded the threshold for onset of physiological effects (9 µg/g lipid wt) in 7 of the 8 whales, including the neonate. The presence of PBT and HBB in the neonate is the first evidence of maternal transfer of these unregulated contaminants in marine mammals. Our results are relevant for the continued environmental monitoring of contaminants in the Arctic. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1848–1858. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Orca Orcinus orca Wiley Online Library Arctic Norway Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 40 7 1850 1860 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Little is known of the movement or presence of unregulated, emerging contaminants in top predators. The aim of the present study was to conduct the first screening of legacy and emerging contaminants in multiple tissues of killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) from Norway and investigate tissue partitioning and maternal transfer. Blubber was collected from 8 killer whales in 2015 to 2017, in addition to muscle from 5 of the individuals, and kidney, liver, heart, and spleen from a neonate. We screened for 4 unregulated brominated flame retardants and found pentabromotoluene (PBT) and hexabromobenzene (HBB) at low levels in the blubber of all individuals (median PBT 0.091 ng/g lipid wt, median HBB 1.4 ng/g lipid wt). Levels of PBT and HBB (wet wt) were twice as high in the blubber than the muscle for each individual, confirming preferential accumulation in lipid‐rich tissues. Perfluoroalkyl substances and total mercury levels were lower in the neonate than adults, suggesting less efficient maternal transfer of these substances. Polychlorinated biphenyl levels in blubber exceeded the threshold for onset of physiological effects (9 µg/g lipid wt) in 7 of the 8 whales, including the neonate. The presence of PBT and HBB in the neonate is the first evidence of maternal transfer of these unregulated contaminants in marine mammals. Our results are relevant for the continued environmental monitoring of contaminants in the Arctic. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1848–1858. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. |
author2 |
SeaWorld and Busch Gardens Conservation Fund |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Andvik, Clare Jourdain, Eve Lyche, Jan L. Karoliussen, Richard Borgå, Katrine |
spellingShingle |
Andvik, Clare Jourdain, Eve Lyche, Jan L. Karoliussen, Richard Borgå, Katrine High Levels of Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Killer Whales ( Orcinus orca) from Norway, 2015 to 2017 |
author_facet |
Andvik, Clare Jourdain, Eve Lyche, Jan L. Karoliussen, Richard Borgå, Katrine |
author_sort |
Andvik, Clare |
title |
High Levels of Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Killer Whales ( Orcinus orca) from Norway, 2015 to 2017 |
title_short |
High Levels of Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Killer Whales ( Orcinus orca) from Norway, 2015 to 2017 |
title_full |
High Levels of Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Killer Whales ( Orcinus orca) from Norway, 2015 to 2017 |
title_fullStr |
High Levels of Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Killer Whales ( Orcinus orca) from Norway, 2015 to 2017 |
title_full_unstemmed |
High Levels of Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Killer Whales ( Orcinus orca) from Norway, 2015 to 2017 |
title_sort |
high levels of legacy and emerging contaminants in killer whales ( orcinus orca) from norway, 2015 to 2017 |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5064 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.5064 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/etc.5064 https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.5064 |
geographic |
Arctic Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway |
genre |
Arctic Orca Orcinus orca |
genre_facet |
Arctic Orca Orcinus orca |
op_source |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry volume 40, issue 7, page 1848-1858 ISSN 0730-7268 1552-8618 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5064 |
container_title |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
container_volume |
40 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1850 |
op_container_end_page |
1860 |
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1802641587575980032 |