Temporal Trends (1981–2013) of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Total Fluorine in Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua)
Abstract Temporal trends from 1981 to 2013 of 28 per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were investigated in liver tissue of cod ( Gadus morhua ) sampled near southeast Gotland, in the Baltic Sea. A total of 10 PFASs were detected, with ∑ 28 PFAS geometric mean concentrations ranging from 6.03...
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crwiley:10.1002/etc.4615 2024-09-15T18:07:17+00:00 Temporal Trends (1981–2013) of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Total Fluorine in Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua) Schultes, Lara Sandblom, Oskar Broeg, Katja Bignert, Anders Benskin, Jonathan P. Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.4615 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.4615 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/etc.4615 https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.4615 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry volume 39, issue 2, page 300-309 ISSN 0730-7268 1552-8618 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4615 2024-09-05T05:05:22Z Abstract Temporal trends from 1981 to 2013 of 28 per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were investigated in liver tissue of cod ( Gadus morhua ) sampled near southeast Gotland, in the Baltic Sea. A total of 10 PFASs were detected, with ∑ 28 PFAS geometric mean concentrations ranging from 6.03 to 23.9 ng/g ww. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant PFAS, which increased at a rate of 3.4% per year. Most long‐chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids increased at rates of 3.9 to 7.3% per year except for perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), which did not change significantly over time. The perfluoroalkyl acid precursors perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid were detected, of which the former (FOSA) declined at a rate of –4.4% per year, possibly reflecting its phase‐out starting in 2000. An alternate time trend analysis from 2000 to 2013 produced slightly different results, with most compounds increasing at slower rates compared to the entire study period. An exception was perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), increasing at a faster rate of 3.7% measured from 2000 on, compared to the 3.0% per year measured starting from 1981. Analysis of the total fluorine content of the samples revealed large amounts of unidentified fluorine; however, its composition (organic or inorganic) remains unclear. Significant negative correlations were found between concentrations of individual PFASs (with the exception of PFOS) and liver somatic index. In addition, body length was negatively correlated with PFOA and perfluorononanoate, but positively correlated with perfluorododecanoate (PFDoDA) and FOSA. Additional studies on endocrine, immunological, and metabolic effects of PFAS in marine fish are essential to assess the environmental risk of these substances. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:300–309. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. Article in Journal/Newspaper Gadus morhua Wiley Online Library Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 39 2 300 309 |
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English |
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Abstract Temporal trends from 1981 to 2013 of 28 per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were investigated in liver tissue of cod ( Gadus morhua ) sampled near southeast Gotland, in the Baltic Sea. A total of 10 PFASs were detected, with ∑ 28 PFAS geometric mean concentrations ranging from 6.03 to 23.9 ng/g ww. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant PFAS, which increased at a rate of 3.4% per year. Most long‐chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids increased at rates of 3.9 to 7.3% per year except for perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), which did not change significantly over time. The perfluoroalkyl acid precursors perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid were detected, of which the former (FOSA) declined at a rate of –4.4% per year, possibly reflecting its phase‐out starting in 2000. An alternate time trend analysis from 2000 to 2013 produced slightly different results, with most compounds increasing at slower rates compared to the entire study period. An exception was perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), increasing at a faster rate of 3.7% measured from 2000 on, compared to the 3.0% per year measured starting from 1981. Analysis of the total fluorine content of the samples revealed large amounts of unidentified fluorine; however, its composition (organic or inorganic) remains unclear. Significant negative correlations were found between concentrations of individual PFASs (with the exception of PFOS) and liver somatic index. In addition, body length was negatively correlated with PFOA and perfluorononanoate, but positively correlated with perfluorododecanoate (PFDoDA) and FOSA. Additional studies on endocrine, immunological, and metabolic effects of PFAS in marine fish are essential to assess the environmental risk of these substances. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:300–309. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. |
author2 |
Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schultes, Lara Sandblom, Oskar Broeg, Katja Bignert, Anders Benskin, Jonathan P. |
spellingShingle |
Schultes, Lara Sandblom, Oskar Broeg, Katja Bignert, Anders Benskin, Jonathan P. Temporal Trends (1981–2013) of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Total Fluorine in Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua) |
author_facet |
Schultes, Lara Sandblom, Oskar Broeg, Katja Bignert, Anders Benskin, Jonathan P. |
author_sort |
Schultes, Lara |
title |
Temporal Trends (1981–2013) of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Total Fluorine in Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua) |
title_short |
Temporal Trends (1981–2013) of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Total Fluorine in Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua) |
title_full |
Temporal Trends (1981–2013) of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Total Fluorine in Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua) |
title_fullStr |
Temporal Trends (1981–2013) of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Total Fluorine in Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Temporal Trends (1981–2013) of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Total Fluorine in Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua) |
title_sort |
temporal trends (1981–2013) of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances and total fluorine in baltic cod ( gadus morhua) |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.4615 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.4615 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/etc.4615 https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.4615 |
genre |
Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
Gadus morhua |
op_source |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry volume 39, issue 2, page 300-309 ISSN 0730-7268 1552-8618 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4615 |
container_title |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
container_volume |
39 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
300 |
op_container_end_page |
309 |
_version_ |
1810444661017280512 |