Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears ( Ursus maritimus)
Abstract The present study investigated the comparative accumulation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in eight brain regions of polar bears ( Ursus maritimus , n = 19) collected in 2006 from Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. The PFAAs studied were perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs, C 6 –C 15 chain len...
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crwiley:10.1002/etc.2107 2024-09-15T18:04:16+00:00 Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears ( Ursus maritimus) Greaves, Alana K. Letcher, Robert J. Sonne, Christian Dietz, Rune 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2107 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fetc.2107 https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.2107 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry volume 32, issue 3, page 713-722 ISSN 0730-7268 1552-8618 journal-article 2013 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2107 2024-09-05T05:06:19Z Abstract The present study investigated the comparative accumulation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in eight brain regions of polar bears ( Ursus maritimus , n = 19) collected in 2006 from Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. The PFAAs studied were perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs, C 6 –C 15 chain lengths) and sulfonates (C 4 , C 6 , C 8 , and C 10 chain lengths) as well as selected precursors including perfluorooctane sulfonamide. On a wet‐weight basis, blood–brain barrier transport of PFAAs occurred for all brain regions, although inner regions of the brain closer to incoming blood flow (pons/medulla, thalamus, and hypothalamus) contained consistently higher PFAA concentrations compared to outer brain regions (cerebellum, striatum, and frontal, occipital, and temporal cortices). For pons/medulla, thalamus, and hypothalamus, the most concentrated PFAAs were perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), ranging from 47 to 58 ng/g wet weight, and perfluorotridecanoic acid, ranging from 43 to 49 ng/g wet weight. However, PFOS and the longer‐chain PFCAs (C 10 –C 15 ) were significantly ( p < 0.002) positively correlated with lipid content for all brain regions. Lipid‐normalized PFOS and PFCA (C 10 –C 15 ) concentrations were not significantly ( p > 0.05) different among brain regions. The burden of the sum of PFCAs, perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, and perfluorooctane sulfonamide in the brain (average mass, 392 g) was estimated to be 46 µg. The present study demonstrates that both PFCAs and perfluoroalkyl sulfonates cross the blood–brain barrier in polar bears and that wet‐weight concentrations are brain region–specific. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:713–722. © 2012 SETAC Article in Journal/Newspaper East Greenland Greenland Scoresby Sound Ursus maritimus Wiley Online Library Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 32 3 713 722 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract The present study investigated the comparative accumulation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in eight brain regions of polar bears ( Ursus maritimus , n = 19) collected in 2006 from Scoresby Sound, East Greenland. The PFAAs studied were perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs, C 6 –C 15 chain lengths) and sulfonates (C 4 , C 6 , C 8 , and C 10 chain lengths) as well as selected precursors including perfluorooctane sulfonamide. On a wet‐weight basis, blood–brain barrier transport of PFAAs occurred for all brain regions, although inner regions of the brain closer to incoming blood flow (pons/medulla, thalamus, and hypothalamus) contained consistently higher PFAA concentrations compared to outer brain regions (cerebellum, striatum, and frontal, occipital, and temporal cortices). For pons/medulla, thalamus, and hypothalamus, the most concentrated PFAAs were perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), ranging from 47 to 58 ng/g wet weight, and perfluorotridecanoic acid, ranging from 43 to 49 ng/g wet weight. However, PFOS and the longer‐chain PFCAs (C 10 –C 15 ) were significantly ( p < 0.002) positively correlated with lipid content for all brain regions. Lipid‐normalized PFOS and PFCA (C 10 –C 15 ) concentrations were not significantly ( p > 0.05) different among brain regions. The burden of the sum of PFCAs, perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, and perfluorooctane sulfonamide in the brain (average mass, 392 g) was estimated to be 46 µg. The present study demonstrates that both PFCAs and perfluoroalkyl sulfonates cross the blood–brain barrier in polar bears and that wet‐weight concentrations are brain region–specific. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:713–722. © 2012 SETAC |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Greaves, Alana K. Letcher, Robert J. Sonne, Christian Dietz, Rune |
spellingShingle |
Greaves, Alana K. Letcher, Robert J. Sonne, Christian Dietz, Rune Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears ( Ursus maritimus) |
author_facet |
Greaves, Alana K. Letcher, Robert J. Sonne, Christian Dietz, Rune |
author_sort |
Greaves, Alana K. |
title |
Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears ( Ursus maritimus) |
title_short |
Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears ( Ursus maritimus) |
title_full |
Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears ( Ursus maritimus) |
title_fullStr |
Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears ( Ursus maritimus) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in East Greenland polar bears ( Ursus maritimus) |
title_sort |
brain region distribution and patterns of bioaccumulative perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in east greenland polar bears ( ursus maritimus) |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2107 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fetc.2107 https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/etc.2107 |
genre |
East Greenland Greenland Scoresby Sound Ursus maritimus |
genre_facet |
East Greenland Greenland Scoresby Sound Ursus maritimus |
op_source |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry volume 32, issue 3, page 713-722 ISSN 0730-7268 1552-8618 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2107 |
container_title |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry |
container_volume |
32 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
713 |
op_container_end_page |
722 |
_version_ |
1810441776802037760 |