Formation of crevasse‐squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard
Abstract Crevasse‐squeeze ridges (CSRs) are landforms that have been unequivocally linked to surge‐type glaciers. The formation of CSRs has been discussed since they were first defined in the mid‐1980s. Here, we describe geometric CSR networks from the terrestrial glacier forefields of two glaciers...
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crwiley:10.1002/esp.5631 2024-09-15T18:07:56+00:00 Formation of crevasse‐squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard Ben‐Yehoshua, Daniel Aradóttir, Nína Farnsworth, Wesley R. Benediktsson, Ívar Örn Ingólfsson, Ólafur Háskóli Íslands 2023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.5631 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/esp.5631 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Earth Surface Processes and Landforms volume 48, issue 12, page 2334-2348 ISSN 0197-9337 1096-9837 journal-article 2023 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5631 2024-07-30T04:19:22Z Abstract Crevasse‐squeeze ridges (CSRs) are landforms that have been unequivocally linked to surge‐type glaciers. The formation of CSRs has been discussed since they were first defined in the mid‐1980s. Here, we describe geometric CSR networks from the terrestrial glacier forefields of two glaciers in Trygghamna, Western Svalbard. No glacier surges have been observed in Trygghamna; however, the presence of the CSRs signifies past surge activity. Detailed geomorphological maps were constructed, and the spatial context of these landforms described. Cross‐sections of several CSRs highlight ridge architecture, structure and relationships to surrounding landforms and sediments. Most CSRs are symmetrical in cross‐profile, orientated perpendicular or oblique to the ice‐flow direction. Like previous investigations, we observe these ridge networks on top of till and flutes. Additionally, we, for the first time, document CSRs deposited directly on non‐glaciogenic subsurfaces, namely, beach gravels and bedrock. Our findings confirm previous CSR formation theories; basal sediments are squeezed into bottom‐up crevasses during surges, which are subsequently transported englacially until surge termination and are finally released by melt out from stagnant ice. Consequently, a network of CSRs is the product of a significant reorganisation and down‐glacier transport of basal sediment, exemplifying how single surges are agents of glacial sediment redistribution. These formation processes are illustrated in a refined schematic model. The results further contemporary understanding of CSRs in terrestrial surge‐type glacier settings and may also apply to landforms and sediments in certain marine settings and palaeoglacial environments. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Svalbard Wiley Online Library Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 48 12 2334 2348 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract Crevasse‐squeeze ridges (CSRs) are landforms that have been unequivocally linked to surge‐type glaciers. The formation of CSRs has been discussed since they were first defined in the mid‐1980s. Here, we describe geometric CSR networks from the terrestrial glacier forefields of two glaciers in Trygghamna, Western Svalbard. No glacier surges have been observed in Trygghamna; however, the presence of the CSRs signifies past surge activity. Detailed geomorphological maps were constructed, and the spatial context of these landforms described. Cross‐sections of several CSRs highlight ridge architecture, structure and relationships to surrounding landforms and sediments. Most CSRs are symmetrical in cross‐profile, orientated perpendicular or oblique to the ice‐flow direction. Like previous investigations, we observe these ridge networks on top of till and flutes. Additionally, we, for the first time, document CSRs deposited directly on non‐glaciogenic subsurfaces, namely, beach gravels and bedrock. Our findings confirm previous CSR formation theories; basal sediments are squeezed into bottom‐up crevasses during surges, which are subsequently transported englacially until surge termination and are finally released by melt out from stagnant ice. Consequently, a network of CSRs is the product of a significant reorganisation and down‐glacier transport of basal sediment, exemplifying how single surges are agents of glacial sediment redistribution. These formation processes are illustrated in a refined schematic model. The results further contemporary understanding of CSRs in terrestrial surge‐type glacier settings and may also apply to landforms and sediments in certain marine settings and palaeoglacial environments. |
author2 |
Háskóli Íslands |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ben‐Yehoshua, Daniel Aradóttir, Nína Farnsworth, Wesley R. Benediktsson, Ívar Örn Ingólfsson, Ólafur |
spellingShingle |
Ben‐Yehoshua, Daniel Aradóttir, Nína Farnsworth, Wesley R. Benediktsson, Ívar Örn Ingólfsson, Ólafur Formation of crevasse‐squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard |
author_facet |
Ben‐Yehoshua, Daniel Aradóttir, Nína Farnsworth, Wesley R. Benediktsson, Ívar Örn Ingólfsson, Ólafur |
author_sort |
Ben‐Yehoshua, Daniel |
title |
Formation of crevasse‐squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard |
title_short |
Formation of crevasse‐squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard |
title_full |
Formation of crevasse‐squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard |
title_fullStr |
Formation of crevasse‐squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard |
title_full_unstemmed |
Formation of crevasse‐squeeze ridges at Trygghamna, Svalbard |
title_sort |
formation of crevasse‐squeeze ridges at trygghamna, svalbard |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.5631 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/esp.5631 |
genre |
glacier Svalbard |
genre_facet |
glacier Svalbard |
op_source |
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms volume 48, issue 12, page 2334-2348 ISSN 0197-9337 1096-9837 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5631 |
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Earth Surface Processes and Landforms |
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48 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
2334 |
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2348 |
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1810445294181023744 |