Pro‐glacial lake sedimentation from jökulhlaups (GLOF), Blåmannsisen, northern Norway
Abstract Outburst floods from glacier‐dammed lakes are major events associated with glacier thinning and volume reduction. This paper investigates jökulhlaups emanating from the glacier‐dammed lake Øvre Messingmalmvatn at Rundvassbreen, an outlet glacier of the Blåmannsisen ice cap in northern Norwa...
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crwiley:10.1002/esp.3664 2024-06-02T08:04:28+00:00 Pro‐glacial lake sedimentation from jökulhlaups (GLOF), Blåmannsisen, northern Norway Xu, Mengzhen Bogen, Jim Wang, Zhaoyin Bønsnes, Truls E. Gytri, Stine Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate ‘Impact of climate change on sediment transport’ and Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation Ministry of Science and Technology Natural Science Foundation of China 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3664 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fesp.3664 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/esp.3664 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Earth Surface Processes and Landforms volume 40, issue 5, page 654-665 ISSN 0197-9337 1096-9837 journal-article 2014 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3664 2024-05-03T11:24:46Z Abstract Outburst floods from glacier‐dammed lakes are major events associated with glacier thinning and volume reduction. This paper investigates jökulhlaups emanating from the glacier‐dammed lake Øvre Messingmalmvatn at Rundvassbreen, an outlet glacier of the Blåmannsisen ice cap in northern Norway. Since 2001, the lake has several times been observed to drain suddenly, causing jökulhlaup outbursts into the pro‐glacial lake Rundvatnet. Varve analysis and lead‐210 ( 210 Pb) dating were used to date sediment cores taken from Rundvatnet. It was found that sedimentation from jökulhlaups is recognizable in the lake as distinct sand layers embedded in the varved silt‐clay sequence which represents the normal lake sedimentation. Sand fractions were carried in suspension because of the extreme hydraulic conditions of jökulhlaups. The thickest sand layer was deposited during the 2001 jökulhlaup which lasted three days and had a total volume of 40 ×10 6 m 3 . Jökulhlaups were also recorded in 2005, 2007, 2009, and 2010; they each resulted in a sand layer. Annual sediment accumulation in Rundvatnet increased up to 10‐fold during the years with jökulhlaup outburst floods, from a normal value of 1–2 mm yr −1 to 8–10 mm yr −1 . Five other jökulhlaups were identified from the 1910–1930 sedimentation interval, in addition to those observed in 2001–2010; there appear to have been none for 70 years during 1931–2000. Each jökulhlaup was preceded by a period when the glacier thinned to a critical volume and could no longer withstand the hydrostatic pressure of Øvre Messingmalmvatn; consequently a tunnel developed beneath the glacier, leading to a jökulhlaup. Statistical analyses of the correlations between the pro‐glacial sedimentation rate and temperature and precipitation suggested that although climate conditions are expected to influence sedimentation in the pro‐glacial catchment, a host of other interacting factors moderate the availability and delivery of sediment to the pro‐glacial system, making the processes responsible ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Blåmannsisen glacier Ice cap Northern Norway Wiley Online Library Blåmannsisen ENVELOPE(16.089,16.089,67.257,67.257) Dammed Lake ENVELOPE(-68.258,-68.258,68.496,68.496) Glacial Lake ENVELOPE(-129.463,-129.463,58.259,58.259) Norway Rundvatnet ENVELOPE(12.404,12.404,65.818,65.818) Øvre ENVELOPE(14.991,14.991,67.750,67.750) Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 40 5 654 665 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Outburst floods from glacier‐dammed lakes are major events associated with glacier thinning and volume reduction. This paper investigates jökulhlaups emanating from the glacier‐dammed lake Øvre Messingmalmvatn at Rundvassbreen, an outlet glacier of the Blåmannsisen ice cap in northern Norway. Since 2001, the lake has several times been observed to drain suddenly, causing jökulhlaup outbursts into the pro‐glacial lake Rundvatnet. Varve analysis and lead‐210 ( 210 Pb) dating were used to date sediment cores taken from Rundvatnet. It was found that sedimentation from jökulhlaups is recognizable in the lake as distinct sand layers embedded in the varved silt‐clay sequence which represents the normal lake sedimentation. Sand fractions were carried in suspension because of the extreme hydraulic conditions of jökulhlaups. The thickest sand layer was deposited during the 2001 jökulhlaup which lasted three days and had a total volume of 40 ×10 6 m 3 . Jökulhlaups were also recorded in 2005, 2007, 2009, and 2010; they each resulted in a sand layer. Annual sediment accumulation in Rundvatnet increased up to 10‐fold during the years with jökulhlaup outburst floods, from a normal value of 1–2 mm yr −1 to 8–10 mm yr −1 . Five other jökulhlaups were identified from the 1910–1930 sedimentation interval, in addition to those observed in 2001–2010; there appear to have been none for 70 years during 1931–2000. Each jökulhlaup was preceded by a period when the glacier thinned to a critical volume and could no longer withstand the hydrostatic pressure of Øvre Messingmalmvatn; consequently a tunnel developed beneath the glacier, leading to a jökulhlaup. Statistical analyses of the correlations between the pro‐glacial sedimentation rate and temperature and precipitation suggested that although climate conditions are expected to influence sedimentation in the pro‐glacial catchment, a host of other interacting factors moderate the availability and delivery of sediment to the pro‐glacial system, making the processes responsible ... |
author2 |
Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate ‘Impact of climate change on sediment transport’ and Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation Ministry of Science and Technology Natural Science Foundation of China |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Xu, Mengzhen Bogen, Jim Wang, Zhaoyin Bønsnes, Truls E. Gytri, Stine |
spellingShingle |
Xu, Mengzhen Bogen, Jim Wang, Zhaoyin Bønsnes, Truls E. Gytri, Stine Pro‐glacial lake sedimentation from jökulhlaups (GLOF), Blåmannsisen, northern Norway |
author_facet |
Xu, Mengzhen Bogen, Jim Wang, Zhaoyin Bønsnes, Truls E. Gytri, Stine |
author_sort |
Xu, Mengzhen |
title |
Pro‐glacial lake sedimentation from jökulhlaups (GLOF), Blåmannsisen, northern Norway |
title_short |
Pro‐glacial lake sedimentation from jökulhlaups (GLOF), Blåmannsisen, northern Norway |
title_full |
Pro‐glacial lake sedimentation from jökulhlaups (GLOF), Blåmannsisen, northern Norway |
title_fullStr |
Pro‐glacial lake sedimentation from jökulhlaups (GLOF), Blåmannsisen, northern Norway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pro‐glacial lake sedimentation from jökulhlaups (GLOF), Blåmannsisen, northern Norway |
title_sort |
pro‐glacial lake sedimentation from jökulhlaups (glof), blåmannsisen, northern norway |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3664 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fesp.3664 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/esp.3664 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(16.089,16.089,67.257,67.257) ENVELOPE(-68.258,-68.258,68.496,68.496) ENVELOPE(-129.463,-129.463,58.259,58.259) ENVELOPE(12.404,12.404,65.818,65.818) ENVELOPE(14.991,14.991,67.750,67.750) |
geographic |
Blåmannsisen Dammed Lake Glacial Lake Norway Rundvatnet Øvre |
geographic_facet |
Blåmannsisen Dammed Lake Glacial Lake Norway Rundvatnet Øvre |
genre |
Blåmannsisen glacier Ice cap Northern Norway |
genre_facet |
Blåmannsisen glacier Ice cap Northern Norway |
op_source |
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms volume 40, issue 5, page 654-665 ISSN 0197-9337 1096-9837 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3664 |
container_title |
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms |
container_volume |
40 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
654 |
op_container_end_page |
665 |
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1800749090142683136 |