Physical modelling of rainfall‐ and snowmelt‐induced erosion of stony slope underlain by permafrost
Abstract Physical modelling experiments have been carried out in a cold room to test on a small scale, the effects of water supply during the thaw of an experimental slope with permafrost. Permafrost was maintained at depth and a thin active layer was frozen and thawed from the surface. Data from th...
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crwiley:10.1002/esp.2054 2024-09-15T18:29:54+00:00 Physical modelling of rainfall‐ and snowmelt‐induced erosion of stony slope underlain by permafrost Vedie, E. Lagarde, J.‐L. Font, M. 2011 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.2054 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fesp.2054 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/esp.2054 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Earth Surface Processes and Landforms volume 36, issue 3, page 395-407 ISSN 0197-9337 1096-9837 journal-article 2011 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.2054 2024-07-25T04:23:58Z Abstract Physical modelling experiments have been carried out in a cold room to test on a small scale, the effects of water supply during the thaw of an experimental slope with permafrost. Permafrost was maintained at depth and a thin active layer was frozen and thawed from the surface. Data from the experiments relate to two different conditions, first with moderate rainfall, and second with heavy rainfall during the thaw period. When moderate rainfall is applied during thaw phases, the experimental slope is slightly degraded. At the scale of the experiment, erosion processes involve frost jacking of the coarse blocks, frost creep and gelifluction that induce slow and gradual down slope displacements of the active layer, but also small landslides leading to large but slow mass movements with short displacements. Changes in experimental slope morphology are marked by the initiation of a small‐scale drainage network and the development of a little crest line which shows a progressive upslope migration. With such boundary conditions, there is not enough water supply to evacuate downslope the whole of the eroded material and a topographic smoothing is observed. When heavy rainfall is applied during thaw periods, rapid mass wasting (small mud‐flows and debris flows) become prominent. Slope failures are largely controlled by the water saturation of the active layer and by the occurrence of steeper slopes. At the scale of the experiment, rates of erosion and maximum incision increase by about 100% leading to significant slope degradation with marked and specific scars comparable to gullying. These morphological changes are dependant on both the size and the frequency of catastrophic events. These experiments provide detailed data that could improve the knowledge of the physical parameters that control the initiation, at a small‐scale, of erosion processes on periglacial slopes with a thin active layer and/or with thin cover of mobilizable slope deposits. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost Wiley Online Library Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 36 3 395 407 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Physical modelling experiments have been carried out in a cold room to test on a small scale, the effects of water supply during the thaw of an experimental slope with permafrost. Permafrost was maintained at depth and a thin active layer was frozen and thawed from the surface. Data from the experiments relate to two different conditions, first with moderate rainfall, and second with heavy rainfall during the thaw period. When moderate rainfall is applied during thaw phases, the experimental slope is slightly degraded. At the scale of the experiment, erosion processes involve frost jacking of the coarse blocks, frost creep and gelifluction that induce slow and gradual down slope displacements of the active layer, but also small landslides leading to large but slow mass movements with short displacements. Changes in experimental slope morphology are marked by the initiation of a small‐scale drainage network and the development of a little crest line which shows a progressive upslope migration. With such boundary conditions, there is not enough water supply to evacuate downslope the whole of the eroded material and a topographic smoothing is observed. When heavy rainfall is applied during thaw periods, rapid mass wasting (small mud‐flows and debris flows) become prominent. Slope failures are largely controlled by the water saturation of the active layer and by the occurrence of steeper slopes. At the scale of the experiment, rates of erosion and maximum incision increase by about 100% leading to significant slope degradation with marked and specific scars comparable to gullying. These morphological changes are dependant on both the size and the frequency of catastrophic events. These experiments provide detailed data that could improve the knowledge of the physical parameters that control the initiation, at a small‐scale, of erosion processes on periglacial slopes with a thin active layer and/or with thin cover of mobilizable slope deposits. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vedie, E. Lagarde, J.‐L. Font, M. |
spellingShingle |
Vedie, E. Lagarde, J.‐L. Font, M. Physical modelling of rainfall‐ and snowmelt‐induced erosion of stony slope underlain by permafrost |
author_facet |
Vedie, E. Lagarde, J.‐L. Font, M. |
author_sort |
Vedie, E. |
title |
Physical modelling of rainfall‐ and snowmelt‐induced erosion of stony slope underlain by permafrost |
title_short |
Physical modelling of rainfall‐ and snowmelt‐induced erosion of stony slope underlain by permafrost |
title_full |
Physical modelling of rainfall‐ and snowmelt‐induced erosion of stony slope underlain by permafrost |
title_fullStr |
Physical modelling of rainfall‐ and snowmelt‐induced erosion of stony slope underlain by permafrost |
title_full_unstemmed |
Physical modelling of rainfall‐ and snowmelt‐induced erosion of stony slope underlain by permafrost |
title_sort |
physical modelling of rainfall‐ and snowmelt‐induced erosion of stony slope underlain by permafrost |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.2054 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fesp.2054 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/esp.2054 |
genre |
permafrost |
genre_facet |
permafrost |
op_source |
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms volume 36, issue 3, page 395-407 ISSN 0197-9337 1096-9837 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.2054 |
container_title |
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms |
container_volume |
36 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
395 |
op_container_end_page |
407 |
_version_ |
1810471389469081600 |