Antipredator response diminishes during periods of resource deficit for a large herbivore
Abstract The starvation–predation hypothesis predicts that, during resource shortages, prey forego antipredator behavior and forage as much as possible to avoid starvation, even when risk of predation is high. We tested this hypothesis using GPS locations collected simultaneously from moose ( Alces...
Published in: | Ecology |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecy.2618 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.2618 |
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crwiley:10.1002/ecy.2618 2024-06-23T07:45:11+00:00 Antipredator response diminishes during periods of resource deficit for a large herbivore Oates, B. A. Merkle, J. A. Kauffman, M. J. Dewey, S. R. Jimenez, M. D. Vartanian, J. M. Becker, S. A. Goheen, J. R. U.S. Forest Service Safari Club International Foundation 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecy.2618 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.2618 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Ecology volume 100, issue 4 ISSN 0012-9658 1939-9170 journal-article 2019 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2618 2024-06-11T04:51:55Z Abstract The starvation–predation hypothesis predicts that, during resource shortages, prey forego antipredator behavior and forage as much as possible to avoid starvation, even when risk of predation is high. We tested this hypothesis using GPS locations collected simultaneously from moose ( Alces alces ) and wolves ( Canis lupus ) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem of North America. We assessed shifts in the speed, displacement, and habitat selection of moose 24 h following encounter with wolves (0–1,500 m distance). We examined whether the strength of antipredator behaviors would weaken as winter progressed and the nutritional condition of moose declined. Moose responded to wolf encounters by increasing their rate of movement in early winter, but only within 500 m distance. Importantly, these responses attenuated as winter progressed. Moose did not avoid their preferred foraging habitat (riparian areas) following encounters with wolves at any distance, and instead they more strongly selected riparian areas, especially in early winter. Our findings support theoretical predictions that resource deficits should dampen prey antipredator behavior, and suggest that nutritional condition of prey may buffer against run‐away risk effects in food webs involving large mammalian predators and prey. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Canis lupus Wiley Online Library Ecology 100 4 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract The starvation–predation hypothesis predicts that, during resource shortages, prey forego antipredator behavior and forage as much as possible to avoid starvation, even when risk of predation is high. We tested this hypothesis using GPS locations collected simultaneously from moose ( Alces alces ) and wolves ( Canis lupus ) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem of North America. We assessed shifts in the speed, displacement, and habitat selection of moose 24 h following encounter with wolves (0–1,500 m distance). We examined whether the strength of antipredator behaviors would weaken as winter progressed and the nutritional condition of moose declined. Moose responded to wolf encounters by increasing their rate of movement in early winter, but only within 500 m distance. Importantly, these responses attenuated as winter progressed. Moose did not avoid their preferred foraging habitat (riparian areas) following encounters with wolves at any distance, and instead they more strongly selected riparian areas, especially in early winter. Our findings support theoretical predictions that resource deficits should dampen prey antipredator behavior, and suggest that nutritional condition of prey may buffer against run‐away risk effects in food webs involving large mammalian predators and prey. |
author2 |
U.S. Forest Service Safari Club International Foundation |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Oates, B. A. Merkle, J. A. Kauffman, M. J. Dewey, S. R. Jimenez, M. D. Vartanian, J. M. Becker, S. A. Goheen, J. R. |
spellingShingle |
Oates, B. A. Merkle, J. A. Kauffman, M. J. Dewey, S. R. Jimenez, M. D. Vartanian, J. M. Becker, S. A. Goheen, J. R. Antipredator response diminishes during periods of resource deficit for a large herbivore |
author_facet |
Oates, B. A. Merkle, J. A. Kauffman, M. J. Dewey, S. R. Jimenez, M. D. Vartanian, J. M. Becker, S. A. Goheen, J. R. |
author_sort |
Oates, B. A. |
title |
Antipredator response diminishes during periods of resource deficit for a large herbivore |
title_short |
Antipredator response diminishes during periods of resource deficit for a large herbivore |
title_full |
Antipredator response diminishes during periods of resource deficit for a large herbivore |
title_fullStr |
Antipredator response diminishes during periods of resource deficit for a large herbivore |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antipredator response diminishes during periods of resource deficit for a large herbivore |
title_sort |
antipredator response diminishes during periods of resource deficit for a large herbivore |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecy.2618 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1002/ecy.2618 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecy.2618 |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
op_source |
Ecology volume 100, issue 4 ISSN 0012-9658 1939-9170 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2618 |
container_title |
Ecology |
container_volume |
100 |
container_issue |
4 |
_version_ |
1802637971505020928 |