Population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014
Abstract Grizzly bears ( Ursus arctos ) in west‐central Alberta occupy an increasingly human‐dominated landscape. Natural resource extraction activities are hypothesized to increase stress in animals that reside in such changing landscapes by influencing habitat and resource availability. Our study...
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crwiley:10.1002/ecs2.3181 2024-09-09T20:12:53+00:00 Population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014 Wilson, Abbey E. Kearney, Sean Wismer, Dan Macbeth, Bryan Stenhouse, Gordon Coops, Nicholas C. Janz, David M. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Shell 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3181 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecs2.3181 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.3181 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecs2.3181 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.3181 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Ecosphere volume 11, issue 7 ISSN 2150-8925 2150-8925 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3181 2024-06-20T04:24:25Z Abstract Grizzly bears ( Ursus arctos ) in west‐central Alberta occupy an increasingly human‐dominated landscape. Natural resource extraction activities are hypothesized to increase stress in animals that reside in such changing landscapes by influencing habitat and resource availability. Our study aimed to determine whether stress, represented by hair cortisol concentration (HCC), was associated with variables related to landscape conditions in a population that increased by 7% annually from 2004 to 2014. Hair samples ( n = 157) were collected using barbwire hair snags placed throughout the Yellowhead bear management area in Alberta, Canada. Candidate models were developed a priori representing hypotheses related to biologically and ecologically plausible relationships between HCC and landscape variables. Generalized linear model analysis with landscape attributes representing anthropogenic disturbance, food resource availability, and terrain conditions was used to determine potential drivers of HCC. We found support (ΔAIC c ≤ 2.00) for three models that included variables from each hypothesis. Anthropogenic variables had the greatest impact on HCC; increasing oil and gas well‐site density resulted in reduced HCC, while increasing distance to coal mines resulted in elevated HCC. Hair cortisol concentration also increased as forest crown closure became more variable, while HCC decreased as the soil wetness (represented by compound topographic index) increased. Some forms of anthropogenic disturbance have been linked to increased food availability for this species. Therefore, we suggest that changes in landscape conditions from 2004 to 2014 may have indirectly increased food abundance and ultimately resulted in a reduction in HCC at a population level during this time period. Measuring HCC provides a non‐invasive and important monitoring strategy to assess the impact of environmental change on residing species and should be considered in landscape management decisions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Wiley Online Library Canada Ecosphere 11 7 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
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English |
description |
Abstract Grizzly bears ( Ursus arctos ) in west‐central Alberta occupy an increasingly human‐dominated landscape. Natural resource extraction activities are hypothesized to increase stress in animals that reside in such changing landscapes by influencing habitat and resource availability. Our study aimed to determine whether stress, represented by hair cortisol concentration (HCC), was associated with variables related to landscape conditions in a population that increased by 7% annually from 2004 to 2014. Hair samples ( n = 157) were collected using barbwire hair snags placed throughout the Yellowhead bear management area in Alberta, Canada. Candidate models were developed a priori representing hypotheses related to biologically and ecologically plausible relationships between HCC and landscape variables. Generalized linear model analysis with landscape attributes representing anthropogenic disturbance, food resource availability, and terrain conditions was used to determine potential drivers of HCC. We found support (ΔAIC c ≤ 2.00) for three models that included variables from each hypothesis. Anthropogenic variables had the greatest impact on HCC; increasing oil and gas well‐site density resulted in reduced HCC, while increasing distance to coal mines resulted in elevated HCC. Hair cortisol concentration also increased as forest crown closure became more variable, while HCC decreased as the soil wetness (represented by compound topographic index) increased. Some forms of anthropogenic disturbance have been linked to increased food availability for this species. Therefore, we suggest that changes in landscape conditions from 2004 to 2014 may have indirectly increased food abundance and ultimately resulted in a reduction in HCC at a population level during this time period. Measuring HCC provides a non‐invasive and important monitoring strategy to assess the impact of environmental change on residing species and should be considered in landscape management decisions. |
author2 |
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Shell |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wilson, Abbey E. Kearney, Sean Wismer, Dan Macbeth, Bryan Stenhouse, Gordon Coops, Nicholas C. Janz, David M. |
spellingShingle |
Wilson, Abbey E. Kearney, Sean Wismer, Dan Macbeth, Bryan Stenhouse, Gordon Coops, Nicholas C. Janz, David M. Population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014 |
author_facet |
Wilson, Abbey E. Kearney, Sean Wismer, Dan Macbeth, Bryan Stenhouse, Gordon Coops, Nicholas C. Janz, David M. |
author_sort |
Wilson, Abbey E. |
title |
Population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014 |
title_short |
Population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014 |
title_full |
Population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014 |
title_fullStr |
Population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014 |
title_sort |
population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014 |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3181 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecs2.3181 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.3181 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecs2.3181 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.3181 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Ecosphere volume 11, issue 7 ISSN 2150-8925 2150-8925 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3181 |
container_title |
Ecosphere |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
7 |
_version_ |
1809947500655673344 |