Climate change and the threat of novel marine predators in Antarctica
Abstract Historically low temperatures have severely limited skeleton‐breaking predation on the Antarctic shelf, facilitating the evolution of a benthic fauna poorly defended against durophagy. Now, rapid warming of the Southern Ocean is restructuring Antarctic marine ecosystems as conditions become...
Published in: | Ecosphere |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Wiley
2017
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2017 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecs2.2017 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.2017 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecs2.2017 http://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/chorus/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecs2.2017 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.2017 |
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crwiley:10.1002/ecs2.2017 2024-06-23T07:47:26+00:00 Climate change and the threat of novel marine predators in Antarctica Smith, K. E. Aronson, R. B. Steffel, B. V. Amsler, M. O. Thatje, S. Singh, H. Anderson, J. Brothers, C. J. Brown, A. Ellis, D. S. Havenhand, J. N. James, W. R. Moksnes, P.‐O. Randolph, A. W. Sayre‐McCord, T. McClintock, J. B. Division of Polar Programs Vetenskapsrådet H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions National Science Foundation European Commission University of Alabama at Birmingham 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2017 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecs2.2017 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.2017 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecs2.2017 http://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/chorus/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecs2.2017 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.2017 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Ecosphere volume 8, issue 11 ISSN 2150-8925 2150-8925 journal-article 2017 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2017 2024-06-04T06:39:12Z Abstract Historically low temperatures have severely limited skeleton‐breaking predation on the Antarctic shelf, facilitating the evolution of a benthic fauna poorly defended against durophagy. Now, rapid warming of the Southern Ocean is restructuring Antarctic marine ecosystems as conditions become favorable for range expansions. Populations of the lithodid crab Paralomis birsteini currently inhabit some areas of the continental slope off Antarctica. They could potentially expand along the slope and upward to the outer continental shelf, where temperatures are no longer prohibitively low. We identified two sites inhabited by different densities of lithodids in the slope environment along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Analysis of the gut contents of P. birsteini trapped on the slope revealed them to be opportunistic invertivores. The abundances of three commonly eaten, eurybathic taxa—ophiuroids, echinoids, and gastropods—were negatively associated with P. birsteini off Marguerite Bay, where lithodid densities averaged 4280 ind/km 2 at depths of 1100–1499 m (range 3440–5010 ind/km 2 ), but not off Anvers Island, where lithodid densities were lower, averaging 2060 ind/km 2 at these depths (range 660–3270 ind/km 2 ). Higher abundances of lithodids appear to exert a negative effect on invertebrate distribution on the slope. Lateral or vertical range expansions of P. birsteini at sufficient densities could substantially reduce populations of their benthic prey off Antarctica, potentially exacerbating the direct impacts of rising temperatures on the distribution and diversity of the contemporary shelf benthos. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Anvers Island Southern Ocean Wiley Online Library Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Anvers ENVELOPE(-63.500,-63.500,-64.600,-64.600) Anvers Island ENVELOPE(-63.500,-63.500,-64.600,-64.600) Marguerite ENVELOPE(141.378,141.378,-66.787,-66.787) Marguerite Bay ENVELOPE(-68.000,-68.000,-68.500,-68.500) Southern Ocean The Antarctic Ecosphere 8 11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Historically low temperatures have severely limited skeleton‐breaking predation on the Antarctic shelf, facilitating the evolution of a benthic fauna poorly defended against durophagy. Now, rapid warming of the Southern Ocean is restructuring Antarctic marine ecosystems as conditions become favorable for range expansions. Populations of the lithodid crab Paralomis birsteini currently inhabit some areas of the continental slope off Antarctica. They could potentially expand along the slope and upward to the outer continental shelf, where temperatures are no longer prohibitively low. We identified two sites inhabited by different densities of lithodids in the slope environment along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Analysis of the gut contents of P. birsteini trapped on the slope revealed them to be opportunistic invertivores. The abundances of three commonly eaten, eurybathic taxa—ophiuroids, echinoids, and gastropods—were negatively associated with P. birsteini off Marguerite Bay, where lithodid densities averaged 4280 ind/km 2 at depths of 1100–1499 m (range 3440–5010 ind/km 2 ), but not off Anvers Island, where lithodid densities were lower, averaging 2060 ind/km 2 at these depths (range 660–3270 ind/km 2 ). Higher abundances of lithodids appear to exert a negative effect on invertebrate distribution on the slope. Lateral or vertical range expansions of P. birsteini at sufficient densities could substantially reduce populations of their benthic prey off Antarctica, potentially exacerbating the direct impacts of rising temperatures on the distribution and diversity of the contemporary shelf benthos. |
author2 |
Division of Polar Programs Vetenskapsrådet H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions National Science Foundation European Commission University of Alabama at Birmingham |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Smith, K. E. Aronson, R. B. Steffel, B. V. Amsler, M. O. Thatje, S. Singh, H. Anderson, J. Brothers, C. J. Brown, A. Ellis, D. S. Havenhand, J. N. James, W. R. Moksnes, P.‐O. Randolph, A. W. Sayre‐McCord, T. McClintock, J. B. |
spellingShingle |
Smith, K. E. Aronson, R. B. Steffel, B. V. Amsler, M. O. Thatje, S. Singh, H. Anderson, J. Brothers, C. J. Brown, A. Ellis, D. S. Havenhand, J. N. James, W. R. Moksnes, P.‐O. Randolph, A. W. Sayre‐McCord, T. McClintock, J. B. Climate change and the threat of novel marine predators in Antarctica |
author_facet |
Smith, K. E. Aronson, R. B. Steffel, B. V. Amsler, M. O. Thatje, S. Singh, H. Anderson, J. Brothers, C. J. Brown, A. Ellis, D. S. Havenhand, J. N. James, W. R. Moksnes, P.‐O. Randolph, A. W. Sayre‐McCord, T. McClintock, J. B. |
author_sort |
Smith, K. E. |
title |
Climate change and the threat of novel marine predators in Antarctica |
title_short |
Climate change and the threat of novel marine predators in Antarctica |
title_full |
Climate change and the threat of novel marine predators in Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Climate change and the threat of novel marine predators in Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate change and the threat of novel marine predators in Antarctica |
title_sort |
climate change and the threat of novel marine predators in antarctica |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2017 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecs2.2017 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.2017 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ecs2.2017 http://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/chorus/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fecs2.2017 https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ecs2.2017 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-63.500,-63.500,-64.600,-64.600) ENVELOPE(-63.500,-63.500,-64.600,-64.600) ENVELOPE(141.378,141.378,-66.787,-66.787) ENVELOPE(-68.000,-68.000,-68.500,-68.500) |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Anvers Anvers Island Marguerite Marguerite Bay Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Anvers Anvers Island Marguerite Marguerite Bay Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Anvers Island Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Anvers Island Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Ecosphere volume 8, issue 11 ISSN 2150-8925 2150-8925 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2017 |
container_title |
Ecosphere |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
11 |
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1802651540492648448 |