A new index for quantifying the ornamentational complexity of animals with shells
Abstract Morphological complexity reflects the biological structure of an organism and is closely linked to its associated functions and phylogenetics. In animals with shells, ornamentation is an important characteristic of morphological complexity, and it has various functions. However, because of...
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crwiley:10.1002/ece3.9247 2024-09-15T18:28:15+00:00 A new index for quantifying the ornamentational complexity of animals with shells Miao, Luyi Dai, Xu Song, Hanchen Backes, André Ricardo Song, Haijun National Natural Science Foundation of China Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9247 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.9247 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.9247 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 12, issue 8 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9247 2024-08-09T04:30:55Z Abstract Morphological complexity reflects the biological structure of an organism and is closely linked to its associated functions and phylogenetics. In animals with shells, ornamentation is an important characteristic of morphological complexity, and it has various functions. However, because of the variations in type, shape, density, and strength of ornamentation, a universal quantitative measure of morphological complexity for shelled animals is lacking. We propose an ornamentation index (OI) derived from 3D scanning technology and a virtual model for quantifying ornamentation complexity. This index is designed to measure the extent of folding associated with ornamentation, regardless of shape and size. Ornamentation indices were measured for 15 ammonite specimens from the Permian to Cretaceous, 2 modern bivalves, 2 gastropods from the Pliocene to the present, and a modern echinoid. Compared with other measurements, such as the fractal dimension, rugosity, and surface‐volume ratio, the OI displayed superiority in quantifying ornamentational complexity. The present study demonstrates that the OI is suitable for accurately characterizing and quantifying ornamentation complexity, regardless of shape and size. Therefore, the OI is potentially useful for comparing the ornamentational complexity of various organisms and can be exploited to provide further insight into the evolution of conchs. Ultimately, the OI can enhance our understanding of morphological evolution of shelled organisms, for example, whether shell ornaments simplify under ocean acidification or extinction, and how predation pressure is reflected in ornamentation complexity. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Wiley Online Library Ecology and Evolution 12 8 |
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English |
description |
Abstract Morphological complexity reflects the biological structure of an organism and is closely linked to its associated functions and phylogenetics. In animals with shells, ornamentation is an important characteristic of morphological complexity, and it has various functions. However, because of the variations in type, shape, density, and strength of ornamentation, a universal quantitative measure of morphological complexity for shelled animals is lacking. We propose an ornamentation index (OI) derived from 3D scanning technology and a virtual model for quantifying ornamentation complexity. This index is designed to measure the extent of folding associated with ornamentation, regardless of shape and size. Ornamentation indices were measured for 15 ammonite specimens from the Permian to Cretaceous, 2 modern bivalves, 2 gastropods from the Pliocene to the present, and a modern echinoid. Compared with other measurements, such as the fractal dimension, rugosity, and surface‐volume ratio, the OI displayed superiority in quantifying ornamentational complexity. The present study demonstrates that the OI is suitable for accurately characterizing and quantifying ornamentation complexity, regardless of shape and size. Therefore, the OI is potentially useful for comparing the ornamentational complexity of various organisms and can be exploited to provide further insight into the evolution of conchs. Ultimately, the OI can enhance our understanding of morphological evolution of shelled organisms, for example, whether shell ornaments simplify under ocean acidification or extinction, and how predation pressure is reflected in ornamentation complexity. |
author2 |
National Natural Science Foundation of China Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Miao, Luyi Dai, Xu Song, Hanchen Backes, André Ricardo Song, Haijun |
spellingShingle |
Miao, Luyi Dai, Xu Song, Hanchen Backes, André Ricardo Song, Haijun A new index for quantifying the ornamentational complexity of animals with shells |
author_facet |
Miao, Luyi Dai, Xu Song, Hanchen Backes, André Ricardo Song, Haijun |
author_sort |
Miao, Luyi |
title |
A new index for quantifying the ornamentational complexity of animals with shells |
title_short |
A new index for quantifying the ornamentational complexity of animals with shells |
title_full |
A new index for quantifying the ornamentational complexity of animals with shells |
title_fullStr |
A new index for quantifying the ornamentational complexity of animals with shells |
title_full_unstemmed |
A new index for quantifying the ornamentational complexity of animals with shells |
title_sort |
new index for quantifying the ornamentational complexity of animals with shells |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9247 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.9247 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.9247 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution volume 12, issue 8 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9247 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
8 |
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1810469595458306048 |