Permafrost response to temperature rise in carbon and nutrient cycling: Effects from habitat‐specific conditions and factors of warming
Abstract Permafrost is experiencing climate warming at a rate that is two times faster than the rest of the Earth's surface. However, it is still lack of a quantitative basis for predicting the functional stability of permafrost ecosystems in carbon (C) and nutrient cycling. We compiled the dat...
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crwiley:10.1002/ece3.8271 2024-06-02T08:13:00+00:00 Permafrost response to temperature rise in carbon and nutrient cycling: Effects from habitat‐specific conditions and factors of warming Gao, Wenlong Sun, Weimin Xu, Xingliang National Natural Science Foundation of China 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8271 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.8271 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.8271 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 11, issue 22, page 16021-16033 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 journal-article 2021 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8271 2024-05-03T10:58:01Z Abstract Permafrost is experiencing climate warming at a rate that is two times faster than the rest of the Earth's surface. However, it is still lack of a quantitative basis for predicting the functional stability of permafrost ecosystems in carbon (C) and nutrient cycling. We compiled the data of 708 observations from 89 air‐warming experiments in the Northern Hemisphere and characterized the general effects of temperature increase on permafrost C exchange and balance, biomass production, microbial biomass, soil nutrients, and vegetation N dynamics through a meta‐analysis. Also, an investigation was made on how responses might change with habitat‐specific (e.g., plant functional groups and soil moisture status) conditions and warming variables (e.g., warming phases, levels, and timing). The net ecosystem C exchange (NEE) was found to be downregulated by warming as a result of a stronger sensitivity to warming in respiration (15.6%) than in photosynthesis (6.2%). Vegetation usually responded to warming by investing more C to the belowground, as belowground biomass increased much more (30.1%) than aboveground biomass (2.9%). Warming had a minor effect on microbial biomass. Warming increased soil ammonium and nitrate concentrations. What's more, a synthesis of 70 observations from 11 herbs and 9 shrubs revealed a 2.5% decline of N in green leaves. Compared with herbs, shrubs had a stronger response to respiration and had a decline in green leaf N to a greater extent. Not only in dry condition did green leaf N decline with warming but also in wet conditions. Warming in nongrowing seasons would negatively affect soil water, C uptake, and biomass production during growing seasons. Permafrost C loss and vegetation N decline may increase with warming levels and timing. Overall, these findings suggest that besides a positive C cycling–climate feedback, there will be a negative feedback between permafrost nutrient cycling and climate warming. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost Wiley Online Library Ecology and Evolution 11 22 16021 16033 |
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English |
description |
Abstract Permafrost is experiencing climate warming at a rate that is two times faster than the rest of the Earth's surface. However, it is still lack of a quantitative basis for predicting the functional stability of permafrost ecosystems in carbon (C) and nutrient cycling. We compiled the data of 708 observations from 89 air‐warming experiments in the Northern Hemisphere and characterized the general effects of temperature increase on permafrost C exchange and balance, biomass production, microbial biomass, soil nutrients, and vegetation N dynamics through a meta‐analysis. Also, an investigation was made on how responses might change with habitat‐specific (e.g., plant functional groups and soil moisture status) conditions and warming variables (e.g., warming phases, levels, and timing). The net ecosystem C exchange (NEE) was found to be downregulated by warming as a result of a stronger sensitivity to warming in respiration (15.6%) than in photosynthesis (6.2%). Vegetation usually responded to warming by investing more C to the belowground, as belowground biomass increased much more (30.1%) than aboveground biomass (2.9%). Warming had a minor effect on microbial biomass. Warming increased soil ammonium and nitrate concentrations. What's more, a synthesis of 70 observations from 11 herbs and 9 shrubs revealed a 2.5% decline of N in green leaves. Compared with herbs, shrubs had a stronger response to respiration and had a decline in green leaf N to a greater extent. Not only in dry condition did green leaf N decline with warming but also in wet conditions. Warming in nongrowing seasons would negatively affect soil water, C uptake, and biomass production during growing seasons. Permafrost C loss and vegetation N decline may increase with warming levels and timing. Overall, these findings suggest that besides a positive C cycling–climate feedback, there will be a negative feedback between permafrost nutrient cycling and climate warming. |
author2 |
National Natural Science Foundation of China |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gao, Wenlong Sun, Weimin Xu, Xingliang |
spellingShingle |
Gao, Wenlong Sun, Weimin Xu, Xingliang Permafrost response to temperature rise in carbon and nutrient cycling: Effects from habitat‐specific conditions and factors of warming |
author_facet |
Gao, Wenlong Sun, Weimin Xu, Xingliang |
author_sort |
Gao, Wenlong |
title |
Permafrost response to temperature rise in carbon and nutrient cycling: Effects from habitat‐specific conditions and factors of warming |
title_short |
Permafrost response to temperature rise in carbon and nutrient cycling: Effects from habitat‐specific conditions and factors of warming |
title_full |
Permafrost response to temperature rise in carbon and nutrient cycling: Effects from habitat‐specific conditions and factors of warming |
title_fullStr |
Permafrost response to temperature rise in carbon and nutrient cycling: Effects from habitat‐specific conditions and factors of warming |
title_full_unstemmed |
Permafrost response to temperature rise in carbon and nutrient cycling: Effects from habitat‐specific conditions and factors of warming |
title_sort |
permafrost response to temperature rise in carbon and nutrient cycling: effects from habitat‐specific conditions and factors of warming |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8271 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.8271 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.8271 |
genre |
permafrost |
genre_facet |
permafrost |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution volume 11, issue 22, page 16021-16033 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8271 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
22 |
container_start_page |
16021 |
op_container_end_page |
16033 |
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1800759632304537600 |