The interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of Icelandic Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus)
Abstract Conceptual models of adaptive divergence and ecological speciation in sympatry predict differential resource use, phenotype–environment correlations, and reduced gene flow among diverging phenotypes. While these predictions have been assessed in past studies, connections among them have rar...
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crwiley:10.1002/ece3.7563 2024-05-19T07:33:45+00:00 The interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of Icelandic Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) Brachmann, Matthew K. Parsons, Kevin Skúlason, Skúli Ferguson, Moira M. 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.7563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.7563 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 11, issue 12, page 7315-7334 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics journal-article 2021 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7563 2024-04-22T07:34:43Z Abstract Conceptual models of adaptive divergence and ecological speciation in sympatry predict differential resource use, phenotype–environment correlations, and reduced gene flow among diverging phenotypes. While these predictions have been assessed in past studies, connections among them have rarely been assessed collectively. We examined relationships among phenotypic, ecological, and genetic variation in Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus ) from six Icelandic localities that have undergone varying degrees of divergence into sympatric benthic and pelagic morphs. We characterized morphological variation with geometric morphometrics, tested for differential resource use between morphs using stable isotopes, and inferred the amount of gene flow from single nucleotide polymorphisms. Analysis of stable isotopic signatures indicated that sympatric morphs showed similar difference in resource use across populations, likely arising from the common utilization of niche space within each population. Carbon isotopic signature was also a significant predictor of individual variation in body shape and size, suggesting that variation in benthic and pelagic resource use is associated with phenotypic variation. The estimated percentage of hybrids between sympatric morphs varied across populations (from 0% to 15.6%) but the majority of fish had genotypes (ancestry coefficients) characteristic of pure morphs. Despite evidence of reduced gene flow between sympatric morphs, we did not detect the expected negative relationship between divergence in resource use and gene flow. Three lakes showed the expected pattern, but morphs in the fourth showed no detectable hybridization and had relatively low differences in resource use between them. This coupled with the finding that resource use and genetic differentiation had differential effects on body shape variation across populations suggests that reproductive isolation maintains phenotypic divergence between benthic and pelagic morphs when the effects of resource use are relatively ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic charr Arctic Salvelinus alpinus Wiley Online Library Ecology and Evolution 11 12 7315 7334 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Wiley Online Library |
op_collection_id |
crwiley |
language |
English |
topic |
Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
spellingShingle |
Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Brachmann, Matthew K. Parsons, Kevin Skúlason, Skúli Ferguson, Moira M. The interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of Icelandic Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) |
topic_facet |
Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
description |
Abstract Conceptual models of adaptive divergence and ecological speciation in sympatry predict differential resource use, phenotype–environment correlations, and reduced gene flow among diverging phenotypes. While these predictions have been assessed in past studies, connections among them have rarely been assessed collectively. We examined relationships among phenotypic, ecological, and genetic variation in Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus ) from six Icelandic localities that have undergone varying degrees of divergence into sympatric benthic and pelagic morphs. We characterized morphological variation with geometric morphometrics, tested for differential resource use between morphs using stable isotopes, and inferred the amount of gene flow from single nucleotide polymorphisms. Analysis of stable isotopic signatures indicated that sympatric morphs showed similar difference in resource use across populations, likely arising from the common utilization of niche space within each population. Carbon isotopic signature was also a significant predictor of individual variation in body shape and size, suggesting that variation in benthic and pelagic resource use is associated with phenotypic variation. The estimated percentage of hybrids between sympatric morphs varied across populations (from 0% to 15.6%) but the majority of fish had genotypes (ancestry coefficients) characteristic of pure morphs. Despite evidence of reduced gene flow between sympatric morphs, we did not detect the expected negative relationship between divergence in resource use and gene flow. Three lakes showed the expected pattern, but morphs in the fourth showed no detectable hybridization and had relatively low differences in resource use between them. This coupled with the finding that resource use and genetic differentiation had differential effects on body shape variation across populations suggests that reproductive isolation maintains phenotypic divergence between benthic and pelagic morphs when the effects of resource use are relatively ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Brachmann, Matthew K. Parsons, Kevin Skúlason, Skúli Ferguson, Moira M. |
author_facet |
Brachmann, Matthew K. Parsons, Kevin Skúlason, Skúli Ferguson, Moira M. |
author_sort |
Brachmann, Matthew K. |
title |
The interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of Icelandic Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_short |
The interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of Icelandic Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_full |
The interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of Icelandic Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_fullStr |
The interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of Icelandic Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_full_unstemmed |
The interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of Icelandic Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) |
title_sort |
interaction of resource use and gene flow on the phenotypic divergence of benthic and pelagic morphs of icelandic arctic charr ( salvelinus alpinus) |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.7563 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.7563 |
genre |
Arctic charr Arctic Salvelinus alpinus |
genre_facet |
Arctic charr Arctic Salvelinus alpinus |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution volume 11, issue 12, page 7315-7334 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7563 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
7315 |
op_container_end_page |
7334 |
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1799471840652951552 |