Hidden diversity in Antarctica: Molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species
Abstract The Southern Ocean is one of the most isolated marine ecosystems, characterized by high levels of endemism, diversity, and biomass. Ascidians are among the dominant groups in Antarctic benthic assemblages; thus, recording the evolutionary patterns of this group is crucial to improve our cur...
Published in: | Ecology and Evolution |
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crwiley:10.1002/ece3.6504 2024-06-02T07:57:09+00:00 Hidden diversity in Antarctica: Molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species Ruiz, Micaela B. Taverna, Anabela Servetto, Natalia Sahade, Ricardo Held, Christoph Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6504 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.6504 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.6504 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.6504 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 10, issue 15, page 8127-8143 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 journal-article 2020 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6504 2024-05-03T10:44:03Z Abstract The Southern Ocean is one of the most isolated marine ecosystems, characterized by high levels of endemism, diversity, and biomass. Ascidians are among the dominant groups in Antarctic benthic assemblages; thus, recording the evolutionary patterns of this group is crucial to improve our current understanding of the assembly of this polar ocean. We studied the genetic variation within Cnemidocarpa verrucosa sensu lato, one of the most widely distributed abundant and studied ascidian species in Antarctica. Using a mitochondrial and a nuclear gene (COI and 18S), the phylogeography of fifteen populations distributed along the West Antarctic Peninsula and Burdwood Bank/MPA Namuncurá (South American shelf) was characterized, where the distribution of the genetic distance suggested the existence of, at least, two species within nominal C. verrucosa . When reevaluating morphological traits to distinguish between genetically defined species, the presence of a basal disk in one of the genotypes could be a diagnostic morphological trait to differentiate the species. These results are surprising due to the large research that has been carried out with the conspicuous C. verrucosa with no differentiation between species. Furthermore, it provides important tools to distinguish species in the field and laboratory. But also, these results give new insights into patterns of differentiation between closely related species that are distributed in sympatry, where the permeability of species boundaries still needs to be well understood. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Southern Ocean Wiley Online Library Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Burdwood Bank ENVELOPE(-59.000,-59.000,-54.250,-54.250) Southern Ocean Ecology and Evolution 10 15 8127 8143 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract The Southern Ocean is one of the most isolated marine ecosystems, characterized by high levels of endemism, diversity, and biomass. Ascidians are among the dominant groups in Antarctic benthic assemblages; thus, recording the evolutionary patterns of this group is crucial to improve our current understanding of the assembly of this polar ocean. We studied the genetic variation within Cnemidocarpa verrucosa sensu lato, one of the most widely distributed abundant and studied ascidian species in Antarctica. Using a mitochondrial and a nuclear gene (COI and 18S), the phylogeography of fifteen populations distributed along the West Antarctic Peninsula and Burdwood Bank/MPA Namuncurá (South American shelf) was characterized, where the distribution of the genetic distance suggested the existence of, at least, two species within nominal C. verrucosa . When reevaluating morphological traits to distinguish between genetically defined species, the presence of a basal disk in one of the genotypes could be a diagnostic morphological trait to differentiate the species. These results are surprising due to the large research that has been carried out with the conspicuous C. verrucosa with no differentiation between species. Furthermore, it provides important tools to distinguish species in the field and laboratory. But also, these results give new insights into patterns of differentiation between closely related species that are distributed in sympatry, where the permeability of species boundaries still needs to be well understood. |
author2 |
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ruiz, Micaela B. Taverna, Anabela Servetto, Natalia Sahade, Ricardo Held, Christoph |
spellingShingle |
Ruiz, Micaela B. Taverna, Anabela Servetto, Natalia Sahade, Ricardo Held, Christoph Hidden diversity in Antarctica: Molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species |
author_facet |
Ruiz, Micaela B. Taverna, Anabela Servetto, Natalia Sahade, Ricardo Held, Christoph |
author_sort |
Ruiz, Micaela B. |
title |
Hidden diversity in Antarctica: Molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species |
title_short |
Hidden diversity in Antarctica: Molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species |
title_full |
Hidden diversity in Antarctica: Molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species |
title_fullStr |
Hidden diversity in Antarctica: Molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hidden diversity in Antarctica: Molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species |
title_sort |
hidden diversity in antarctica: molecular and morphological evidence of two different species within one of the most conspicuous ascidian species |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6504 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.6504 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.6504 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.6504 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-59.000,-59.000,-54.250,-54.250) |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Burdwood Bank Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Burdwood Bank Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution volume 10, issue 15, page 8127-8143 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6504 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
15 |
container_start_page |
8127 |
op_container_end_page |
8143 |
_version_ |
1800739240079785984 |