Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation

Abstract The anadromous salmon life cycle includes two migratory events, downstream smolt migration and adult homing migration, during which they must navigate with high precision. During homing migration, olfactory cues are used for navigation in coastal and freshwater areas, and studies have sugge...

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Published in:Ecology and Evolution
Main Authors: Madsen, Steffen S., Winther, Sara S. T., Bollinger, Rebecca J., Steiner, Ulrich, Larsen, Martin H.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.5845
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.5845
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spelling crwiley:10.1002/ece3.5845 2024-09-15T17:56:18+00:00 Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation Madsen, Steffen S. Winther, Sara S. T. Bollinger, Rebecca J. Steiner, Ulrich Larsen, Martin H. 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.5845 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.5845 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 9, issue 24, page 14085-14100 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 journal-article 2019 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845 2024-08-30T04:12:47Z Abstract The anadromous salmon life cycle includes two migratory events, downstream smolt migration and adult homing migration, during which they must navigate with high precision. During homing migration, olfactory cues are used for navigation in coastal and freshwater areas, and studies have suggested that the parr – smolt transformation has a sensitive period for imprinting. Accordingly, we hypothesized that there would be significant changes in gene expression in the olfactory epithelium specifically related to smoltification and sampled olfactory rosettes from hatchery‐reared upper growth modal juvenile Atlantic salmon at 3‐week intervals from January to June, using lower growth modal nonsmolting siblings as controls. A suite of olfactory receptors and receptor‐specific proteins involved in functional aspects of olfaction and peripheral odor memorization was analyzed by qPCR. Gene expression in juveniles was compared with mature adult salmon of the same genetic strain caught in the river Gudenaa. All mRNAs displayed significant variation over time in both modal groups. Furthermore, five receptor genes ( olfc13.1 , olfc15.1 , sorb , ora2 , and asor1 ) and four olfactory‐specific genes ( soig , ependymin , gst , and omp2 ) were differentially regulated between modal groups, suggesting altered olfactory function during smoltification. Several genes were differentially regulated in mature salmon compared with juveniles, suggesting that homing and odor recollection involve a different set of genes than during imprinting. Thyroid hormone receptors thrα and thrβ mRNAs were elevated during smolting, suggesting increased sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Treatment of presmolts with triiodothyronine in vivo and ex vivo had, however, only subtle effects on the investigated olfactory targets, questioning the hypothesis that thyroid hormones directly regulate gene expression in the olfactory epithelium. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Wiley Online Library Ecology and Evolution 9 24 14085 14100
institution Open Polar
collection Wiley Online Library
op_collection_id crwiley
language English
description Abstract The anadromous salmon life cycle includes two migratory events, downstream smolt migration and adult homing migration, during which they must navigate with high precision. During homing migration, olfactory cues are used for navigation in coastal and freshwater areas, and studies have suggested that the parr – smolt transformation has a sensitive period for imprinting. Accordingly, we hypothesized that there would be significant changes in gene expression in the olfactory epithelium specifically related to smoltification and sampled olfactory rosettes from hatchery‐reared upper growth modal juvenile Atlantic salmon at 3‐week intervals from January to June, using lower growth modal nonsmolting siblings as controls. A suite of olfactory receptors and receptor‐specific proteins involved in functional aspects of olfaction and peripheral odor memorization was analyzed by qPCR. Gene expression in juveniles was compared with mature adult salmon of the same genetic strain caught in the river Gudenaa. All mRNAs displayed significant variation over time in both modal groups. Furthermore, five receptor genes ( olfc13.1 , olfc15.1 , sorb , ora2 , and asor1 ) and four olfactory‐specific genes ( soig , ependymin , gst , and omp2 ) were differentially regulated between modal groups, suggesting altered olfactory function during smoltification. Several genes were differentially regulated in mature salmon compared with juveniles, suggesting that homing and odor recollection involve a different set of genes than during imprinting. Thyroid hormone receptors thrα and thrβ mRNAs were elevated during smolting, suggesting increased sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Treatment of presmolts with triiodothyronine in vivo and ex vivo had, however, only subtle effects on the investigated olfactory targets, questioning the hypothesis that thyroid hormones directly regulate gene expression in the olfactory epithelium.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Madsen, Steffen S.
Winther, Sara S. T.
Bollinger, Rebecca J.
Steiner, Ulrich
Larsen, Martin H.
spellingShingle Madsen, Steffen S.
Winther, Sara S. T.
Bollinger, Rebecca J.
Steiner, Ulrich
Larsen, Martin H.
Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation
author_facet Madsen, Steffen S.
Winther, Sara S. T.
Bollinger, Rebecca J.
Steiner, Ulrich
Larsen, Martin H.
author_sort Madsen, Steffen S.
title Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation
title_short Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation
title_full Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation
title_fullStr Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation
title_full_unstemmed Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation
title_sort differential expression of olfactory genes in atlantic salmon ( salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation
publisher Wiley
publishDate 2019
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.5845
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ece3.5845
genre Atlantic salmon
Salmo salar
genre_facet Atlantic salmon
Salmo salar
op_source Ecology and Evolution
volume 9, issue 24, page 14085-14100
ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758
op_rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845
container_title Ecology and Evolution
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