Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling
Abstract Beaver reintroductions and beaver dam structures are an increasingly utilized ecological tool for rehabilitating degraded streams, yet beaver dams can potentially impact upstream fish migrations. We collected two years of data on Arctic grayling movement through a series of beaver dams in a...
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crwiley:10.1002/ece3.4728 2024-06-02T08:00:12+00:00 Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling Cutting, Kyle A. Ferguson, Jake M. Anderson, Michelle L. Cook, Kristen Davis, Stacy C. Levine, Rebekah U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4728 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.4728 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.4728 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 8, issue 24, page 12905-12917 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 journal-article 2018 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4728 2024-05-03T10:45:51Z Abstract Beaver reintroductions and beaver dam structures are an increasingly utilized ecological tool for rehabilitating degraded streams, yet beaver dams can potentially impact upstream fish migrations. We collected two years of data on Arctic grayling movement through a series of beaver dams in a low gradient mountain stream, utilizing radio‐telemetry techniques, to determine how hydrology, dam characteristics, and fish attributes impeded passage and movement rates of spawning grayling. We compared fish movement between a “normal” flow year and a “low” flow year, determined grayling passage probabilities over dams in relation to a suite of factors, and predicted daily movement rates in relation to the number of dams each fish passed and distance between dams during upstream migration to spawning areas. We found that the average passage probability over unbreached beaver dams was 88%, though we found that it fell below 50% at specific dams. Upstream passage of grayling was affected by three main characteristics: (a) temperature, (b) breach status, and (c) hydrologic linkages that connect sections of stream above and below the dam. Other variables influence passage, but to a lesser degree. Cumulative passage varied with distance upstream and total number of dams passed in low versus normal flow years, while movement rates upstream slowed as fish swam closer to dams. Our findings demonstrate that upstream passage of fish over beaver dams is strongly correlated with hydrologic conditions with moderate controls by dam‐ and fish‐level characteristics. Our results provide a framework that can be applied to reduce barrier effects when and where beaver dams pose a significant threat to the upstream migration of fish populations while maintaining the diverse ecological benefits of beaver activity when dams are not a threat to fish passage. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic grayling Arctic Wiley Online Library Arctic Ecology and Evolution 8 24 12905 12917 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract Beaver reintroductions and beaver dam structures are an increasingly utilized ecological tool for rehabilitating degraded streams, yet beaver dams can potentially impact upstream fish migrations. We collected two years of data on Arctic grayling movement through a series of beaver dams in a low gradient mountain stream, utilizing radio‐telemetry techniques, to determine how hydrology, dam characteristics, and fish attributes impeded passage and movement rates of spawning grayling. We compared fish movement between a “normal” flow year and a “low” flow year, determined grayling passage probabilities over dams in relation to a suite of factors, and predicted daily movement rates in relation to the number of dams each fish passed and distance between dams during upstream migration to spawning areas. We found that the average passage probability over unbreached beaver dams was 88%, though we found that it fell below 50% at specific dams. Upstream passage of grayling was affected by three main characteristics: (a) temperature, (b) breach status, and (c) hydrologic linkages that connect sections of stream above and below the dam. Other variables influence passage, but to a lesser degree. Cumulative passage varied with distance upstream and total number of dams passed in low versus normal flow years, while movement rates upstream slowed as fish swam closer to dams. Our findings demonstrate that upstream passage of fish over beaver dams is strongly correlated with hydrologic conditions with moderate controls by dam‐ and fish‐level characteristics. Our results provide a framework that can be applied to reduce barrier effects when and where beaver dams pose a significant threat to the upstream migration of fish populations while maintaining the diverse ecological benefits of beaver activity when dams are not a threat to fish passage. |
author2 |
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cutting, Kyle A. Ferguson, Jake M. Anderson, Michelle L. Cook, Kristen Davis, Stacy C. Levine, Rebekah |
spellingShingle |
Cutting, Kyle A. Ferguson, Jake M. Anderson, Michelle L. Cook, Kristen Davis, Stacy C. Levine, Rebekah Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
author_facet |
Cutting, Kyle A. Ferguson, Jake M. Anderson, Michelle L. Cook, Kristen Davis, Stacy C. Levine, Rebekah |
author_sort |
Cutting, Kyle A. |
title |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_short |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_full |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_fullStr |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_full_unstemmed |
Linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of Arctic grayling |
title_sort |
linking beaver dam affected flow dynamics to upstream passage of arctic grayling |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4728 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.4728 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.4728 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic grayling Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic grayling Arctic |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution volume 8, issue 24, page 12905-12917 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4728 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
24 |
container_start_page |
12905 |
op_container_end_page |
12917 |
_version_ |
1800744187490992128 |