Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context‐dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring?
Abstract Escaped farmed Atlantic salmon interbreed with wild Atlantic salmon, leaving offspring that often have lower success in nature than pure wild salmon. On top of this, presence of farmed salmon descendants can impair production of wild‐type recruits. We hypothesize that both these effects con...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.4716 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.4716 |
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crwiley:10.1002/ece3.4716 2024-09-15T17:56:09+00:00 Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context‐dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? Robertsen, Grethe Reid, Donald Einum, Sigurd Aronsen, Tonje Fleming, Ian A. Sundt‐Hansen, Line E. Karlsson, Sten Kvingedal, Eli Ugedal, Ola Hindar, Kjetil Norges Forskningsråd 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.4716 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.4716 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 9, issue 1, page 212-222 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 journal-article 2018 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 2024-07-04T04:28:39Z Abstract Escaped farmed Atlantic salmon interbreed with wild Atlantic salmon, leaving offspring that often have lower success in nature than pure wild salmon. On top of this, presence of farmed salmon descendants can impair production of wild‐type recruits. We hypothesize that both these effects connect with farmed salmon having acquired higher standard metabolic rates (SMR, the energetic cost of self‐maintenance) during domestication. Fitness‐related advantages of phenotypic traits associated with both high SMR and farmed salmon (e.g., social dominance) depend on environmental conditions, such as food availability. We hypothesize that farmed offspring have an advantage at high food availability due to, for example, dominance behavior but suffer increased risks of starvation when food is scarce because this behavior is energy‐demanding. To test these hypotheses, we first compare embryo SMR of pure farmed, farmed‐wild hybrids and pure wild offspring. Next, we test early‐life performance (in terms of survival and growth) of hybrids relative to that of their wild half‐siblings, as well as their competitive abilities, in semi‐natural conditions of high and low food availability. Finally, we test how SMR affects early‐life performance at high and low food availability. We find inconclusive support for the hypothesis that domestication has induced increased SMR. Further, wild and hybrid juveniles had similar survival and growth in the semi‐natural streams. Yet, the presence of hybrids led to decreased survival of their wild half‐siblings. Contrary to our hypothesis about context‐dependency, these effects were not modified by food availability. However, wild juveniles with high SMR had decreased survival when food was scarce, but there was no such effect at high food availability. This study provides further proof that farmed salmon introgression may compromise the viability of wild salmon populations. We cannot, however, conclude that this is connected to alterations in the metabolic phenotype of farmed salmon. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Wiley Online Library Ecology and Evolution 9 1 212 222 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract Escaped farmed Atlantic salmon interbreed with wild Atlantic salmon, leaving offspring that often have lower success in nature than pure wild salmon. On top of this, presence of farmed salmon descendants can impair production of wild‐type recruits. We hypothesize that both these effects connect with farmed salmon having acquired higher standard metabolic rates (SMR, the energetic cost of self‐maintenance) during domestication. Fitness‐related advantages of phenotypic traits associated with both high SMR and farmed salmon (e.g., social dominance) depend on environmental conditions, such as food availability. We hypothesize that farmed offspring have an advantage at high food availability due to, for example, dominance behavior but suffer increased risks of starvation when food is scarce because this behavior is energy‐demanding. To test these hypotheses, we first compare embryo SMR of pure farmed, farmed‐wild hybrids and pure wild offspring. Next, we test early‐life performance (in terms of survival and growth) of hybrids relative to that of their wild half‐siblings, as well as their competitive abilities, in semi‐natural conditions of high and low food availability. Finally, we test how SMR affects early‐life performance at high and low food availability. We find inconclusive support for the hypothesis that domestication has induced increased SMR. Further, wild and hybrid juveniles had similar survival and growth in the semi‐natural streams. Yet, the presence of hybrids led to decreased survival of their wild half‐siblings. Contrary to our hypothesis about context‐dependency, these effects were not modified by food availability. However, wild juveniles with high SMR had decreased survival when food was scarce, but there was no such effect at high food availability. This study provides further proof that farmed salmon introgression may compromise the viability of wild salmon populations. We cannot, however, conclude that this is connected to alterations in the metabolic phenotype of farmed salmon. |
author2 |
Norges Forskningsråd |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Robertsen, Grethe Reid, Donald Einum, Sigurd Aronsen, Tonje Fleming, Ian A. Sundt‐Hansen, Line E. Karlsson, Sten Kvingedal, Eli Ugedal, Ola Hindar, Kjetil |
spellingShingle |
Robertsen, Grethe Reid, Donald Einum, Sigurd Aronsen, Tonje Fleming, Ian A. Sundt‐Hansen, Line E. Karlsson, Sten Kvingedal, Eli Ugedal, Ola Hindar, Kjetil Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context‐dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
author_facet |
Robertsen, Grethe Reid, Donald Einum, Sigurd Aronsen, Tonje Fleming, Ian A. Sundt‐Hansen, Line E. Karlsson, Sten Kvingedal, Eli Ugedal, Ola Hindar, Kjetil |
author_sort |
Robertsen, Grethe |
title |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context‐dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_short |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context‐dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_full |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context‐dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_fullStr |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context‐dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context‐dependent performance of farmed Atlantic salmon offspring? |
title_sort |
can variation in standard metabolic rate explain context‐dependent performance of farmed atlantic salmon offspring? |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.4716 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.4716 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution volume 9, issue 1, page 212-222 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4716 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
212 |
op_container_end_page |
222 |
_version_ |
1810432357731139584 |