Population‐specific transcriptional differences associated with freeze tolerance in a terrestrial worm
Abstract Enchytraeus albidus is a terrestrial earthworm widespread along the coasts of northern Europe and the Arctic. This species tolerates freezing of body fluids and survives winters in a frozen state. Their acclimatory physiological mechanisms behind freeze tolerance involve increased fluidity...
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crwiley:10.1002/ece3.3602 2024-06-02T08:02:39+00:00 Population‐specific transcriptional differences associated with freeze tolerance in a terrestrial worm de Boer, Tjalf E. Roelofs, Dick Vooijs, Riet Holmstrup, Martin Amorim, Mónica J. B. Seventh Framework Programme Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras Det Frie Forskningsråd 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3602 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.3602 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.3602 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 8, issue 7, page 3774-3786 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 journal-article 2018 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3602 2024-05-03T11:22:04Z Abstract Enchytraeus albidus is a terrestrial earthworm widespread along the coasts of northern Europe and the Arctic. This species tolerates freezing of body fluids and survives winters in a frozen state. Their acclimatory physiological mechanisms behind freeze tolerance involve increased fluidity of membrane lipids during cold exposure and accumulation of cryoprotectants (glucose) during the freezing process. Gene regulatory processes of these physiological responses have not been studied, partly because no gene expression tools were developed. The main aim of this study was to understand whether the freeze tolerance mechanisms have a transcriptomic basis in E. albidus . For that purpose, first the transcriptome of E. albidus was assembled with RNA seq data. Second, two strains from contrasting thermal environments (Germany and Greenland) were compared by mapping barcoded RNA seq data onto the assembled transcriptome. Both of these strains are freeze tolerant, but Greenland is extremely freeze tolerant. Results showed more plastic responses in the Greenland strain as well as higher constitutive expression of particular stress response genes. These altered transcriptional networks are associated with an adapted homeostasis coping with prolonged freezing conditions in Greenland animals. Previously identified physiological alterations in freeze‐tolerant strains of E. albidus are underpinned at the transcriptome level. These processes involve anion transport in the hemolymph, fatty acid metabolism, metabolism, and transport of cryoprotective sugars as well as protection against oxidative stress. Pathway analysis supported most of these processes, and identified additional differentially expressed pathways such as peroxisome and Toll‐like receptor signaling. We propose that the freeze‐tolerant phenotype is the consequence of genetic adaptation to cold stress and may have driven evolutionary divergence of the two strains. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greenland Wiley Online Library Arctic Greenland Ecology and Evolution 8 7 3774 3786 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
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English |
description |
Abstract Enchytraeus albidus is a terrestrial earthworm widespread along the coasts of northern Europe and the Arctic. This species tolerates freezing of body fluids and survives winters in a frozen state. Their acclimatory physiological mechanisms behind freeze tolerance involve increased fluidity of membrane lipids during cold exposure and accumulation of cryoprotectants (glucose) during the freezing process. Gene regulatory processes of these physiological responses have not been studied, partly because no gene expression tools were developed. The main aim of this study was to understand whether the freeze tolerance mechanisms have a transcriptomic basis in E. albidus . For that purpose, first the transcriptome of E. albidus was assembled with RNA seq data. Second, two strains from contrasting thermal environments (Germany and Greenland) were compared by mapping barcoded RNA seq data onto the assembled transcriptome. Both of these strains are freeze tolerant, but Greenland is extremely freeze tolerant. Results showed more plastic responses in the Greenland strain as well as higher constitutive expression of particular stress response genes. These altered transcriptional networks are associated with an adapted homeostasis coping with prolonged freezing conditions in Greenland animals. Previously identified physiological alterations in freeze‐tolerant strains of E. albidus are underpinned at the transcriptome level. These processes involve anion transport in the hemolymph, fatty acid metabolism, metabolism, and transport of cryoprotective sugars as well as protection against oxidative stress. Pathway analysis supported most of these processes, and identified additional differentially expressed pathways such as peroxisome and Toll‐like receptor signaling. We propose that the freeze‐tolerant phenotype is the consequence of genetic adaptation to cold stress and may have driven evolutionary divergence of the two strains. |
author2 |
Seventh Framework Programme Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras Det Frie Forskningsråd |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
de Boer, Tjalf E. Roelofs, Dick Vooijs, Riet Holmstrup, Martin Amorim, Mónica J. B. |
spellingShingle |
de Boer, Tjalf E. Roelofs, Dick Vooijs, Riet Holmstrup, Martin Amorim, Mónica J. B. Population‐specific transcriptional differences associated with freeze tolerance in a terrestrial worm |
author_facet |
de Boer, Tjalf E. Roelofs, Dick Vooijs, Riet Holmstrup, Martin Amorim, Mónica J. B. |
author_sort |
de Boer, Tjalf E. |
title |
Population‐specific transcriptional differences associated with freeze tolerance in a terrestrial worm |
title_short |
Population‐specific transcriptional differences associated with freeze tolerance in a terrestrial worm |
title_full |
Population‐specific transcriptional differences associated with freeze tolerance in a terrestrial worm |
title_fullStr |
Population‐specific transcriptional differences associated with freeze tolerance in a terrestrial worm |
title_full_unstemmed |
Population‐specific transcriptional differences associated with freeze tolerance in a terrestrial worm |
title_sort |
population‐specific transcriptional differences associated with freeze tolerance in a terrestrial worm |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3602 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.3602 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.3602 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Greenland |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution volume 8, issue 7, page 3774-3786 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3602 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
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8 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
3774 |
op_container_end_page |
3786 |
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1800747128227627008 |