Long‐term breeding phenology shift in royal penguins
Abstract The Earth's climate is undergoing rapid warming, unprecedented in recent times, which is driving shifts in the distribution and phenology of many plants and animals. Quantifying changes in breeding phenology is important for understanding how populations respond to these changes. While...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.281 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.281 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.281 |
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crwiley:10.1002/ece3.281 2024-06-23T07:47:14+00:00 Long‐term breeding phenology shift in royal penguins Hindell, Mark A. Bradshaw, Corey J. A. Brook, Barry W. Fordham, Damien A. Kerry, Knowles Hull, Cindy McMahon, Clive R. 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.281 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.281 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.281 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 2, issue 7, page 1563-1571 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 journal-article 2012 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.281 2024-05-31T08:11:59Z Abstract The Earth's climate is undergoing rapid warming, unprecedented in recent times, which is driving shifts in the distribution and phenology of many plants and animals. Quantifying changes in breeding phenology is important for understanding how populations respond to these changes. While data on shifts in phenology are common for Northern Hemisphere species (especially birds), there is a dearth of evidence from the Southern Hemisphere, and even fewer data available from the marine environment. Surface air temperatures at Macquarie Island have increased by 0.62°C during the 30‐year study period (0.21°C decade −1 ) and royal penguins ( Eudyptes schlegeli ) commenced egg laying on average three days earlier in the 1990s than during the 1960s. This contrasts with other studies of Southern Ocean seabirds; five of nine species are now breeding on average 2.1 days later than during the 1950s. Despite the different direction of these trends, they can be explained by a single underlying mechanism: resource availability. There was a negative relationship between the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and median laying date of royal penguins, such that low‐productivity (low SAM) years delayed laying date. This accords with the observations of other seabird species from the Antarctic, where later laying dates were associated with lower sea ice and lower spring productivity. The unifying factor underpinning phenological trends in eastern Antarctica is therefore resource availability; as food becomes scarcer, birds breed later. These changes are not uniform across the region, however, with resource increases in the subantarctic and decreases in eastern Antarctica. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Macquarie Island Sea ice Southern Ocean Wiley Online Library Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Ecology and Evolution 2 7 1563 1571 |
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English |
description |
Abstract The Earth's climate is undergoing rapid warming, unprecedented in recent times, which is driving shifts in the distribution and phenology of many plants and animals. Quantifying changes in breeding phenology is important for understanding how populations respond to these changes. While data on shifts in phenology are common for Northern Hemisphere species (especially birds), there is a dearth of evidence from the Southern Hemisphere, and even fewer data available from the marine environment. Surface air temperatures at Macquarie Island have increased by 0.62°C during the 30‐year study period (0.21°C decade −1 ) and royal penguins ( Eudyptes schlegeli ) commenced egg laying on average three days earlier in the 1990s than during the 1960s. This contrasts with other studies of Southern Ocean seabirds; five of nine species are now breeding on average 2.1 days later than during the 1950s. Despite the different direction of these trends, they can be explained by a single underlying mechanism: resource availability. There was a negative relationship between the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and median laying date of royal penguins, such that low‐productivity (low SAM) years delayed laying date. This accords with the observations of other seabird species from the Antarctic, where later laying dates were associated with lower sea ice and lower spring productivity. The unifying factor underpinning phenological trends in eastern Antarctica is therefore resource availability; as food becomes scarcer, birds breed later. These changes are not uniform across the region, however, with resource increases in the subantarctic and decreases in eastern Antarctica. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hindell, Mark A. Bradshaw, Corey J. A. Brook, Barry W. Fordham, Damien A. Kerry, Knowles Hull, Cindy McMahon, Clive R. |
spellingShingle |
Hindell, Mark A. Bradshaw, Corey J. A. Brook, Barry W. Fordham, Damien A. Kerry, Knowles Hull, Cindy McMahon, Clive R. Long‐term breeding phenology shift in royal penguins |
author_facet |
Hindell, Mark A. Bradshaw, Corey J. A. Brook, Barry W. Fordham, Damien A. Kerry, Knowles Hull, Cindy McMahon, Clive R. |
author_sort |
Hindell, Mark A. |
title |
Long‐term breeding phenology shift in royal penguins |
title_short |
Long‐term breeding phenology shift in royal penguins |
title_full |
Long‐term breeding phenology shift in royal penguins |
title_fullStr |
Long‐term breeding phenology shift in royal penguins |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long‐term breeding phenology shift in royal penguins |
title_sort |
long‐term breeding phenology shift in royal penguins |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.281 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.281 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.281 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Macquarie Island Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Macquarie Island Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution volume 2, issue 7, page 1563-1571 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.281 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
2 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1563 |
op_container_end_page |
1571 |
_version_ |
1802651318915956736 |