Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality
Abstract In a predator–prey system, prey species may adapt to the presence of predators with behavioral changes such as increased vigilance, shifting habitats, or changes in their mobility. In North America, moose ( Alces alces ) have shown behavioral adaptations to presence of predators, but such a...
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crwiley:10.1002/ece3.2598 2024-06-02T07:54:39+00:00 Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality Wikenros, Camilla Balogh, Gyöngyvér Sand, Håkan Nicholson, Kerry L. Månsson, Johan Naturvårdsverket Svenska Jägareförbundet Svenska Rovdjursföreningen 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.2598 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.2598 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Ecology and Evolution volume 6, issue 24, page 8870-8880 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 journal-article 2016 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 2024-05-03T10:42:05Z Abstract In a predator–prey system, prey species may adapt to the presence of predators with behavioral changes such as increased vigilance, shifting habitats, or changes in their mobility. In North America, moose ( Alces alces ) have shown behavioral adaptations to presence of predators, but such antipredator behavioral responses have not yet been found in Scandinavian moose in response to the recolonization of wolves ( Canis lupus ). We studied travel speed and direction of movement of GPS ‐collared female moose ( n = 26) in relation to spatiotemporal differences in wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and time of year. Travel speed was highest during the calving (May–July) and postcalving (August–October) seasons and was lower for females with calves than females without calves. Similarly, time of year and reproductive status affected the direction of movement, as more concentrated movement was observed for females with calves at heel, during the calving season. We did not find support for that wolf predation risk was an important factor affecting moose travel speed or direction of movement. Likely causal factors for the weak effect of wolf predation risk on mobility of moose include high moose‐to‐wolf ratio and intensive hunter harvest of the moose population during the past century. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Canis lupus Wiley Online Library Ecology and Evolution 6 24 8870 8880 |
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Open Polar |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract In a predator–prey system, prey species may adapt to the presence of predators with behavioral changes such as increased vigilance, shifting habitats, or changes in their mobility. In North America, moose ( Alces alces ) have shown behavioral adaptations to presence of predators, but such antipredator behavioral responses have not yet been found in Scandinavian moose in response to the recolonization of wolves ( Canis lupus ). We studied travel speed and direction of movement of GPS ‐collared female moose ( n = 26) in relation to spatiotemporal differences in wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and time of year. Travel speed was highest during the calving (May–July) and postcalving (August–October) seasons and was lower for females with calves than females without calves. Similarly, time of year and reproductive status affected the direction of movement, as more concentrated movement was observed for females with calves at heel, during the calving season. We did not find support for that wolf predation risk was an important factor affecting moose travel speed or direction of movement. Likely causal factors for the weak effect of wolf predation risk on mobility of moose include high moose‐to‐wolf ratio and intensive hunter harvest of the moose population during the past century. |
author2 |
Naturvårdsverket Svenska Jägareförbundet Svenska Rovdjursföreningen |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wikenros, Camilla Balogh, Gyöngyvér Sand, Håkan Nicholson, Kerry L. Månsson, Johan |
spellingShingle |
Wikenros, Camilla Balogh, Gyöngyvér Sand, Håkan Nicholson, Kerry L. Månsson, Johan Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
author_facet |
Wikenros, Camilla Balogh, Gyöngyvér Sand, Håkan Nicholson, Kerry L. Månsson, Johan |
author_sort |
Wikenros, Camilla |
title |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_short |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_full |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_fullStr |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_sort |
mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fece3.2598 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ece3.2598 |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution volume 6, issue 24, page 8870-8880 ISSN 2045-7758 2045-7758 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
24 |
container_start_page |
8870 |
op_container_end_page |
8880 |
_version_ |
1800742419817299968 |