In Situ Biocatalytic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate in Diesel and Engine Evaluations
Abstract Blending petroleum fuels with biofuels is likely to become increasingly important over the years to come. Butyl butyrate has promising characteristics as a blend component in diesel and can be synthesized by lipase‐catalyzed esterification of 1‐butanol and butyric acid, which both can be de...
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crwiley:10.1002/cctc.201700855 2024-09-15T17:46:48+00:00 In Situ Biocatalytic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate in Diesel and Engine Evaluations Sjöblom, Magnus Risberg, Per Filippova, Alfia Öhrman, Olov G. W. Rova, Ulrika Christakopoulos, Paul 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201700855 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fcctc.201700855 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/cctc.201700855/fullpdf en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor ChemCatChem volume 9, issue 24, page 4529-4537 ISSN 1867-3880 1867-3899 journal-article 2017 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201700855 2024-07-30T04:23:27Z Abstract Blending petroleum fuels with biofuels is likely to become increasingly important over the years to come. Butyl butyrate has promising characteristics as a blend component in diesel and can be synthesized by lipase‐catalyzed esterification of 1‐butanol and butyric acid, which both can be derived from fermentation technologies. In the current study, the enzyme load and reaction temperature were optimized for the production of butyl butyrate with Novozyme 435 (immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B) directly in diesel at a substrate concentration of 1 m using a molar ratio of 1:1 between n ‐butanol and butyric acid. Optimum conditions were found by using a central composite design at an enzyme load of 12 % of substrate weight and a temperature of 57 °C, giving 90 % yield conversion in 30 min, corresponding to a butyl butyrate productivity of 1.8 mol L −1 h −1 . Diesel blended with 5, 10, and 30 % butyl butyrate was tested in a heavy‐duty diesel engine under two load cases. The ignition properties of the blended fuels were very similar to pure diesel, making butyl butyrate an interesting diesel substitute. The emission analysis demonstrated lower soot and CO emissions, similar hydrocarbons levels and slightly increased NO x levels compared with using pure diesel. The high activity of lipase in diesel and the compatibility between diesel and butyl butyrate opens up the possibility to develop fuel blending systems where the synthesis of the blend‐in component occurs directly in the fuel. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Wiley Online Library ChemCatChem 9 24 4529 4537 |
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English |
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Abstract Blending petroleum fuels with biofuels is likely to become increasingly important over the years to come. Butyl butyrate has promising characteristics as a blend component in diesel and can be synthesized by lipase‐catalyzed esterification of 1‐butanol and butyric acid, which both can be derived from fermentation technologies. In the current study, the enzyme load and reaction temperature were optimized for the production of butyl butyrate with Novozyme 435 (immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B) directly in diesel at a substrate concentration of 1 m using a molar ratio of 1:1 between n ‐butanol and butyric acid. Optimum conditions were found by using a central composite design at an enzyme load of 12 % of substrate weight and a temperature of 57 °C, giving 90 % yield conversion in 30 min, corresponding to a butyl butyrate productivity of 1.8 mol L −1 h −1 . Diesel blended with 5, 10, and 30 % butyl butyrate was tested in a heavy‐duty diesel engine under two load cases. The ignition properties of the blended fuels were very similar to pure diesel, making butyl butyrate an interesting diesel substitute. The emission analysis demonstrated lower soot and CO emissions, similar hydrocarbons levels and slightly increased NO x levels compared with using pure diesel. The high activity of lipase in diesel and the compatibility between diesel and butyl butyrate opens up the possibility to develop fuel blending systems where the synthesis of the blend‐in component occurs directly in the fuel. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sjöblom, Magnus Risberg, Per Filippova, Alfia Öhrman, Olov G. W. Rova, Ulrika Christakopoulos, Paul |
spellingShingle |
Sjöblom, Magnus Risberg, Per Filippova, Alfia Öhrman, Olov G. W. Rova, Ulrika Christakopoulos, Paul In Situ Biocatalytic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate in Diesel and Engine Evaluations |
author_facet |
Sjöblom, Magnus Risberg, Per Filippova, Alfia Öhrman, Olov G. W. Rova, Ulrika Christakopoulos, Paul |
author_sort |
Sjöblom, Magnus |
title |
In Situ Biocatalytic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate in Diesel and Engine Evaluations |
title_short |
In Situ Biocatalytic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate in Diesel and Engine Evaluations |
title_full |
In Situ Biocatalytic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate in Diesel and Engine Evaluations |
title_fullStr |
In Situ Biocatalytic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate in Diesel and Engine Evaluations |
title_full_unstemmed |
In Situ Biocatalytic Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate in Diesel and Engine Evaluations |
title_sort |
in situ biocatalytic synthesis of butyl butyrate in diesel and engine evaluations |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201700855 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fcctc.201700855 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/cctc.201700855/fullpdf |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
ChemCatChem volume 9, issue 24, page 4529-4537 ISSN 1867-3880 1867-3899 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201700855 |
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ChemCatChem |
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9 |
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24 |
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4529 |
op_container_end_page |
4537 |
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1810495169741455360 |