Nutrient limitation in Atlantic salmon rivers and streams: Causes, consequences, and management strategies
Abstract Freshwater catchments can experience nutrient deficits that result in reduced primary and secondary productivity. The most commonly limiting nutrients are nitrogen and phosphorus, either separately or together. This review considers the impact of increasing nutrient limitation in temperate...
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crwiley:10.1002/aqc.3811 2024-06-09T07:44:47+00:00 Nutrient limitation in Atlantic salmon rivers and streams: Causes, consequences, and management strategies Bernthal, Fionn R. Armstrong, John D. Nislow, Keith H. Metcalfe, Neil B. H2020 European Research Council Natural Environment Research Council 2022 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3811 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/aqc.3811 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/aqc.3811 en eng Wiley http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems volume 32, issue 6, page 1073-1091 ISSN 1052-7613 1099-0755 journal-article 2022 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3811 2024-05-16T14:27:32Z Abstract Freshwater catchments can experience nutrient deficits that result in reduced primary and secondary productivity. The most commonly limiting nutrients are nitrogen and phosphorus, either separately or together. This review considers the impact of increasing nutrient limitation in temperate basin stream and river systems, focusing on upland areas that currently or previously supported wild Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) populations. Anthropogenic changes to land use and increases in river barriers have altered upland nutrient dynamics, with particular impacts on salmon and other migratory fish species which may be net importers of nutrients to upland streams. Declining salmon populations may further reduce nutrient sources, reducing ecosystem and fisheries productivity below desired levels. Experimental manipulations of nutrient levels have examined the impacts of this cultural oligotrophication. There is evidence that growth and biomass of juvenile salmon can be increased via appropriate additions of nutrients, offering potential as a conservation tool. However, further research is required to understand the long‐term effects of these additions on salmon populations and stream ecosystems, and to assess the vulnerability of downstream habitats to eutrophication as a result. Although purposeful nutrient addition with the aim of enhancing and conserving salmonid populations may be justified in some cases, it should be undertaken in an adaptive management framework. In addition, nutrient addition should be linked to nutrient retention and processing, and integrated into large‐scale habitat restoration and recovery efforts. Both the scientific and the management community should recognize that the ecological costs and benefits associated with adding nutrients to salmon streams may change in a non‐stationary world. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Wiley Online Library Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract Freshwater catchments can experience nutrient deficits that result in reduced primary and secondary productivity. The most commonly limiting nutrients are nitrogen and phosphorus, either separately or together. This review considers the impact of increasing nutrient limitation in temperate basin stream and river systems, focusing on upland areas that currently or previously supported wild Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) populations. Anthropogenic changes to land use and increases in river barriers have altered upland nutrient dynamics, with particular impacts on salmon and other migratory fish species which may be net importers of nutrients to upland streams. Declining salmon populations may further reduce nutrient sources, reducing ecosystem and fisheries productivity below desired levels. Experimental manipulations of nutrient levels have examined the impacts of this cultural oligotrophication. There is evidence that growth and biomass of juvenile salmon can be increased via appropriate additions of nutrients, offering potential as a conservation tool. However, further research is required to understand the long‐term effects of these additions on salmon populations and stream ecosystems, and to assess the vulnerability of downstream habitats to eutrophication as a result. Although purposeful nutrient addition with the aim of enhancing and conserving salmonid populations may be justified in some cases, it should be undertaken in an adaptive management framework. In addition, nutrient addition should be linked to nutrient retention and processing, and integrated into large‐scale habitat restoration and recovery efforts. Both the scientific and the management community should recognize that the ecological costs and benefits associated with adding nutrients to salmon streams may change in a non‐stationary world. |
author2 |
H2020 European Research Council Natural Environment Research Council |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bernthal, Fionn R. Armstrong, John D. Nislow, Keith H. Metcalfe, Neil B. |
spellingShingle |
Bernthal, Fionn R. Armstrong, John D. Nislow, Keith H. Metcalfe, Neil B. Nutrient limitation in Atlantic salmon rivers and streams: Causes, consequences, and management strategies |
author_facet |
Bernthal, Fionn R. Armstrong, John D. Nislow, Keith H. Metcalfe, Neil B. |
author_sort |
Bernthal, Fionn R. |
title |
Nutrient limitation in Atlantic salmon rivers and streams: Causes, consequences, and management strategies |
title_short |
Nutrient limitation in Atlantic salmon rivers and streams: Causes, consequences, and management strategies |
title_full |
Nutrient limitation in Atlantic salmon rivers and streams: Causes, consequences, and management strategies |
title_fullStr |
Nutrient limitation in Atlantic salmon rivers and streams: Causes, consequences, and management strategies |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nutrient limitation in Atlantic salmon rivers and streams: Causes, consequences, and management strategies |
title_sort |
nutrient limitation in atlantic salmon rivers and streams: causes, consequences, and management strategies |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3811 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/aqc.3811 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/aqc.3811 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems volume 32, issue 6, page 1073-1091 ISSN 1052-7613 1099-0755 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3811 |
container_title |
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems |
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1801373605032886272 |