Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction
Abstract Highly stable nanocatalysts have been synthesized in aqueous medium at room temperature by the in situ formation of Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) embedded in an enzyme net. Different parameters in the synthesis were evaluated such as T, ratio enzyme/Pd salt, using Candida antarctica B lipase (CA...
Published in: | Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry |
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 |
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crwiley:10.1002/ajoc.202100077 2024-09-15T17:44:42+00:00 Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction Rodriguez‐Oliva, Ivan Losada‐Garcia, Noelia Santos, A. Sofia Marques, M. Manuel B. Palomo, Jose M. 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry volume 10, issue 4, page 872-878 ISSN 2193-5807 2193-5815 journal-article 2021 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 2024-07-23T04:12:40Z Abstract Highly stable nanocatalysts have been synthesized in aqueous medium at room temperature by the in situ formation of Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) embedded in an enzyme net. Different parameters in the synthesis were evaluated such as T, ratio enzyme/Pd salt, using Candida antarctica B lipase (CALB) as enzyme. In all different CALB/PdNPs hybrids synthesized, crystalline Pd(0) as a unique metallic species was confirmed by XRD. Spherical nanoparticles were obtained with diameter size from 2 to 11 nm, depending on the synthetic conditions. These CALB/PdNPs hybrids were employed as catalyst in the C−N/Heck reaction cross‐coupling cascade for the synthesis of substituted azaindoles using various amino‐ o ‐bromopyridines as starting material in moderate conditions. The best conversion with high selectivity of the formation of C2‐substituted azaindoles was obtained at 90 °C using dioxane containing 5% water as the best reaction solvent from the different solvents tested, using potassium carbonate as milder base. The catalysis with these CALB/PdNPs hybrids at these conditions was also successful in the production of several isomers of azaindoles, especially relevant for the formation of the 7‐ azaindole, where 65% conversion was obtained, a very good improvement when compared to the reported protocol using a Pd 2 (dba) 3 /XPhos/ t ‐BuONa catalytic system. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Wiley Online Library Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry 10 4 872 878 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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English |
description |
Abstract Highly stable nanocatalysts have been synthesized in aqueous medium at room temperature by the in situ formation of Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) embedded in an enzyme net. Different parameters in the synthesis were evaluated such as T, ratio enzyme/Pd salt, using Candida antarctica B lipase (CALB) as enzyme. In all different CALB/PdNPs hybrids synthesized, crystalline Pd(0) as a unique metallic species was confirmed by XRD. Spherical nanoparticles were obtained with diameter size from 2 to 11 nm, depending on the synthetic conditions. These CALB/PdNPs hybrids were employed as catalyst in the C−N/Heck reaction cross‐coupling cascade for the synthesis of substituted azaindoles using various amino‐ o ‐bromopyridines as starting material in moderate conditions. The best conversion with high selectivity of the formation of C2‐substituted azaindoles was obtained at 90 °C using dioxane containing 5% water as the best reaction solvent from the different solvents tested, using potassium carbonate as milder base. The catalysis with these CALB/PdNPs hybrids at these conditions was also successful in the production of several isomers of azaindoles, especially relevant for the formation of the 7‐ azaindole, where 65% conversion was obtained, a very good improvement when compared to the reported protocol using a Pd 2 (dba) 3 /XPhos/ t ‐BuONa catalytic system. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rodriguez‐Oliva, Ivan Losada‐Garcia, Noelia Santos, A. Sofia Marques, M. Manuel B. Palomo, Jose M. |
spellingShingle |
Rodriguez‐Oliva, Ivan Losada‐Garcia, Noelia Santos, A. Sofia Marques, M. Manuel B. Palomo, Jose M. Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction |
author_facet |
Rodriguez‐Oliva, Ivan Losada‐Garcia, Noelia Santos, A. Sofia Marques, M. Manuel B. Palomo, Jose M. |
author_sort |
Rodriguez‐Oliva, Ivan |
title |
Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction |
title_short |
Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction |
title_full |
Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction |
title_fullStr |
Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction |
title_full_unstemmed |
Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction |
title_sort |
palladium nanocatalysts for cascade c−n cross‐coupling/heck reaction |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry volume 10, issue 4, page 872-878 ISSN 2193-5807 2193-5815 |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ajoc.202100077 |
container_title |
Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
4 |
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872 |
op_container_end_page |
878 |
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1810492352379224064 |