Association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) with ADHD and post‐traumatic stress disorder
Abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable disorder affecting some 5–10% of children and 4–5% of adults. The cannabinoid receptor gene ( CNR1 ) is a positional candidate gene due to its location near an identified ADHD linkage peak on chromosome 6, its role in str...
Published in: | American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics |
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crwiley:10.1002/ajmg.b.30693 2024-09-15T18:25:40+00:00 Association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) with ADHD and post‐traumatic stress disorder Lu, Ake T. Ogdie, Matthew N. Järvelin, Marjo‐Ritta Moilanen, Irma K. Loo, Sandra K. McCracken, James T. McGough, James J. Yang, May H. Peltonen, Leena Nelson, Stanley F. Cantor, Rita M. Smalley, Susan L. 2008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30693 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fajmg.b.30693 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajmg.b.30693 en eng Wiley http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics volume 147B, issue 8, page 1488-1494 ISSN 1552-4841 1552-485X journal-article 2008 crwiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30693 2024-08-27T04:26:56Z Abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable disorder affecting some 5–10% of children and 4–5% of adults. The cannabinoid receptor gene ( CNR1 ) is a positional candidate gene due to its location near an identified ADHD linkage peak on chromosome 6, its role in stress and dopamine regulation, its association with other psychiatric disorders that co‐occur with ADHD, and its function in learning and memory. We tested SNP variants at the CNR1 gene in two independent samples—an unselected adolescent sample from Northern Finland, and a family‐based sample of trios (an ADHD child and their parents). In addition to using the trios for association study, the parents (with and without ADHD) were used as an additional case/control sample of adults for association tests. ADHD and its co‐morbid psychiatric disorders were examined. A significant association was detected for a SNP haplotype (C‐G) with ADHD ( P = 0.008). A sex by genotype interaction was observed as well with this haplotype posing a greater risk in males than females. An association of an alternative SNP haplotype in this gene was found for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ( P = 0.04 for C‐A, and P = 0.01 for C‐G). These observations require replication, however, they suggest that the CNR1 gene may be a risk factor for ADHD and possibly PTSD, and that this gene warrants further investigation for a role in neuropsychiatric disorders. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Finland Wiley Online Library American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics 147B 8 1488 1494 |
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Wiley Online Library |
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crwiley |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable disorder affecting some 5–10% of children and 4–5% of adults. The cannabinoid receptor gene ( CNR1 ) is a positional candidate gene due to its location near an identified ADHD linkage peak on chromosome 6, its role in stress and dopamine regulation, its association with other psychiatric disorders that co‐occur with ADHD, and its function in learning and memory. We tested SNP variants at the CNR1 gene in two independent samples—an unselected adolescent sample from Northern Finland, and a family‐based sample of trios (an ADHD child and their parents). In addition to using the trios for association study, the parents (with and without ADHD) were used as an additional case/control sample of adults for association tests. ADHD and its co‐morbid psychiatric disorders were examined. A significant association was detected for a SNP haplotype (C‐G) with ADHD ( P = 0.008). A sex by genotype interaction was observed as well with this haplotype posing a greater risk in males than females. An association of an alternative SNP haplotype in this gene was found for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ( P = 0.04 for C‐A, and P = 0.01 for C‐G). These observations require replication, however, they suggest that the CNR1 gene may be a risk factor for ADHD and possibly PTSD, and that this gene warrants further investigation for a role in neuropsychiatric disorders. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lu, Ake T. Ogdie, Matthew N. Järvelin, Marjo‐Ritta Moilanen, Irma K. Loo, Sandra K. McCracken, James T. McGough, James J. Yang, May H. Peltonen, Leena Nelson, Stanley F. Cantor, Rita M. Smalley, Susan L. |
spellingShingle |
Lu, Ake T. Ogdie, Matthew N. Järvelin, Marjo‐Ritta Moilanen, Irma K. Loo, Sandra K. McCracken, James T. McGough, James J. Yang, May H. Peltonen, Leena Nelson, Stanley F. Cantor, Rita M. Smalley, Susan L. Association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) with ADHD and post‐traumatic stress disorder |
author_facet |
Lu, Ake T. Ogdie, Matthew N. Järvelin, Marjo‐Ritta Moilanen, Irma K. Loo, Sandra K. McCracken, James T. McGough, James J. Yang, May H. Peltonen, Leena Nelson, Stanley F. Cantor, Rita M. Smalley, Susan L. |
author_sort |
Lu, Ake T. |
title |
Association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) with ADHD and post‐traumatic stress disorder |
title_short |
Association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) with ADHD and post‐traumatic stress disorder |
title_full |
Association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) with ADHD and post‐traumatic stress disorder |
title_fullStr |
Association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) with ADHD and post‐traumatic stress disorder |
title_full_unstemmed |
Association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) with ADHD and post‐traumatic stress disorder |
title_sort |
association of the cannabinoid receptor gene (cnr1) with adhd and post‐traumatic stress disorder |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30693 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fajmg.b.30693 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajmg.b.30693 |
genre |
Northern Finland |
genre_facet |
Northern Finland |
op_source |
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics volume 147B, issue 8, page 1488-1494 ISSN 1552-4841 1552-485X |
op_rights |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30693 |
container_title |
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics |
container_volume |
147B |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1488 |
op_container_end_page |
1494 |
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1810466164522876928 |