C ryobacterium

• Main Authors: Liu, Qing, Zhou, Yu‐Guang, Xin, Yu‐Hua
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley 2018
• Subjects: Antarctic; Arctic; The Antarctic; Antarc*
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00095.pub2; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F9781118960608.gbm00095.pub2; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00095.pub2; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00095.pub2

Cry.o.bac.te'ri.um. Gr. n. kryos cold; Gr. n. bakterion a small rod; M. L. neut. n. Cryobacterium a cold (preferring) rod. Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Micrococcales / Microbacteriaceae / Cryobacterium Irregular rods, pleomorphic. Motile or nonmotile. Non‐spore‐forming. Gram‐stain‐positive, sometimes variable. Growth temperature ranges from −6 to 28°C. Mostly psychrophilic and psychrotolerant. Strictly aerobic. Catalase‐positive. Oxidase‐negative. Hydrolysis of starch, casein, aesculin, gelatin, and DNA is variable among species. Acid is produced from several sugars. l ‐2,4‐Diaminobutyric acid is the diagnostic cell‐wall diamino acid. Other amino acids of cell‐wall peptidoglycan are alanine, glycine, and glutamic acid ( Cryobacterium arcticum , Cryobacterium mesophilum , Cryobacterium psychrophilum , and Cryobacterium psychrotolerans ). Rhamnose and fucose ( C. psychrophilum ) or glucose and ribose ( C. psychrotolerans and C. mesophilum ) are the characteristic cell‐wall sugars. Cell‐wall acyl type is acetyl ( C. psychrophilum ). The main cellular fatty acids are iso‐ and anteiso‐branched acids, predominantly 12‐methyl tetradecanoic acid (C 15:0 anteiso). The most predominant menaquinone is MK‐10. The polar lipids contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and one unidentified glycolipid. Members of the class Actinobacteria , family Microbacteriaceae . Most known habitats are soils and ice of glacier, the Antarctic, and the Arctic. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 65–70 (Genome sequences and HPLC). Type species : Cryobacterium psychrophilum ( ex Inoue and Komagata 1976) Suzuki, Sasaki, Uramoto, Nakase and Komagata 1997, 477 VP (“ Curtobacterium psychrophilum ” Inoue and Komagata 1976, 166).