Upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice
This paper presents the first empirical estimates of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) gas fluxes across permeable sea ice in the Arctic. DMS is known to act as a major potential source of aerosols that strongly influence the Earth’s radiative balance in remote marine regions during the ice-free season. Result...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
University of California Press
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/elementa.370 https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.370/714026/370-6372-1-pb.pdf |
id |
crunicaliforniap:10.1525/elementa.370 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
crunicaliforniap:10.1525/elementa.370 2024-05-19T07:35:31+00:00 Upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice Gourdal, Margaux Crabeck, Odile Lizotte, Martine Galindo, Virginie Gosselin, Michel Babin, Marcel Scarratt, Michael Levasseur, Maurice Deming, Jody W. Arrigo, Kevin 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/elementa.370 https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.370/714026/370-6372-1-pb.pdf en eng University of California Press http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene volume 7 ISSN 2325-1026 journal-article 2019 crunicaliforniap https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.370 2024-04-25T08:25:02Z This paper presents the first empirical estimates of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) gas fluxes across permeable sea ice in the Arctic. DMS is known to act as a major potential source of aerosols that strongly influence the Earth’s radiative balance in remote marine regions during the ice-free season. Results from a sampling campaign, undertaken in 2015 between June 2 and June 28 in the ice-covered Western Baffin Bay, revealed the presence of high algal biomass in the bottom 0.1-m section of sea ice (21 to 380 µg Chl a L–1) combined with the presence of high DMS concentrations (212–840 nmol L–1). While ice algae acted as local sources of DMS in bottom sea ice, thermohaline changes within the brine network, from gravity drainage to vertical stabilization, exerted strong control on the distribution of DMS within the interior of the ice. We estimated both the mean DMS molecular diffusion coefficient in brine (5.2 × 10–5 cm2 s–1 ± 51% relative S.D., n = 10) and the mean bulk transport coefficient within sea ice (33 × 10–5 cm2 s–1 ± 41% relative S.D., n = 10). The estimated DMS fluxes ± S.D. from the bottom ice to the atmosphere ranged between 0.47 ± 0.08 µmol m–2 d–1 (n = 5, diffusion) and 0.40 ± 0.15 µmol m–2 d–1 (n = 5, bulk transport) during the vertically stable phase. These fluxes fall within the lower range of direct summer sea-to-air DMS fluxes reported in the Arctic. Our results indicate that upward transport of DMS, from the algal-rich bottom of first-year sea ice through the permeable sea ice, may represent an important pathway for this biogenic gas toward the atmosphere in ice-covered oceans in spring and summer. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Sea ice University of California Press Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California Press |
op_collection_id |
crunicaliforniap |
language |
English |
description |
This paper presents the first empirical estimates of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) gas fluxes across permeable sea ice in the Arctic. DMS is known to act as a major potential source of aerosols that strongly influence the Earth’s radiative balance in remote marine regions during the ice-free season. Results from a sampling campaign, undertaken in 2015 between June 2 and June 28 in the ice-covered Western Baffin Bay, revealed the presence of high algal biomass in the bottom 0.1-m section of sea ice (21 to 380 µg Chl a L–1) combined with the presence of high DMS concentrations (212–840 nmol L–1). While ice algae acted as local sources of DMS in bottom sea ice, thermohaline changes within the brine network, from gravity drainage to vertical stabilization, exerted strong control on the distribution of DMS within the interior of the ice. We estimated both the mean DMS molecular diffusion coefficient in brine (5.2 × 10–5 cm2 s–1 ± 51% relative S.D., n = 10) and the mean bulk transport coefficient within sea ice (33 × 10–5 cm2 s–1 ± 41% relative S.D., n = 10). The estimated DMS fluxes ± S.D. from the bottom ice to the atmosphere ranged between 0.47 ± 0.08 µmol m–2 d–1 (n = 5, diffusion) and 0.40 ± 0.15 µmol m–2 d–1 (n = 5, bulk transport) during the vertically stable phase. These fluxes fall within the lower range of direct summer sea-to-air DMS fluxes reported in the Arctic. Our results indicate that upward transport of DMS, from the algal-rich bottom of first-year sea ice through the permeable sea ice, may represent an important pathway for this biogenic gas toward the atmosphere in ice-covered oceans in spring and summer. |
author2 |
Deming, Jody W. Arrigo, Kevin |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gourdal, Margaux Crabeck, Odile Lizotte, Martine Galindo, Virginie Gosselin, Michel Babin, Marcel Scarratt, Michael Levasseur, Maurice |
spellingShingle |
Gourdal, Margaux Crabeck, Odile Lizotte, Martine Galindo, Virginie Gosselin, Michel Babin, Marcel Scarratt, Michael Levasseur, Maurice Upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice |
author_facet |
Gourdal, Margaux Crabeck, Odile Lizotte, Martine Galindo, Virginie Gosselin, Michel Babin, Marcel Scarratt, Michael Levasseur, Maurice |
author_sort |
Gourdal, Margaux |
title |
Upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice |
title_short |
Upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice |
title_full |
Upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice |
title_fullStr |
Upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice |
title_sort |
upward transport of bottom-ice dimethyl sulfide during advanced melting of arctic first-year sea ice |
publisher |
University of California Press |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/elementa.370 https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.370/714026/370-6372-1-pb.pdf |
genre |
Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene volume 7 ISSN 2325-1026 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.370 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
7 |
_version_ |
1799474258896748544 |