Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition
The Arctic Ocean is an exceptional environment where hydrosphere, cryosphere, and atmosphere are closely interconnected. Changes in sea-ice extent and thickness affect ocean currents, as well as moisture and heat exchange with the atmosphere. Energy and water fluxes impact the formation and melting...
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University of California Press
2024
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00078 https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.2023.00078/811018/elementa.2023.00078.pdf |
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crunicaliforniap:10.1525/elementa.2023.00078 2024-04-07T07:49:15+00:00 Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition Mellat, Moein Brunello, Camilla F. Werner, Martin Bauch, Dorothea Damm, Ellen Angelopoulos, Michael Nomura, Daiki Welker, Jeffrey M. Schneebeli, Martin Granskog, Mats A. Hoerhold, Maria Macfarlane, Amy R. Arndt, Stefanie Meyer, Hanno 2024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00078 https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.2023.00078/811018/elementa.2023.00078.pdf en eng University of California Press http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Elem Sci Anth volume 12, issue 1 ISSN 2325-1026 Atmospheric Science Geology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Ecology Environmental Engineering Oceanography journal-article 2024 crunicaliforniap https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00078 2024-03-08T03:46:49Z The Arctic Ocean is an exceptional environment where hydrosphere, cryosphere, and atmosphere are closely interconnected. Changes in sea-ice extent and thickness affect ocean currents, as well as moisture and heat exchange with the atmosphere. Energy and water fluxes impact the formation and melting of sea ice and snow cover. Here, we present a comprehensive statistical analysis of the stable water isotopes of various hydrological components in the central Arctic obtained during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition in 2019–2020, including the understudied Arctic winter. Our dataset comprises >2200 water, snow, and ice samples. Snow had the most depleted and variable isotopic composition, with δ18O (–16.3‰) increasing consistently from surface (–22.5‰) to bottom (–9.7‰) of the snowpack, suggesting that snow metamorphism and wind-induced transport may overprint the original precipitation isotope values. In the Arctic Ocean, isotopes also help to distinguish between different sea-ice types, and whether there is a meteoric contribution. The isotopic composition and salinity of surface seawater indicated relative contributions from different freshwater sources: lower δ18O (approximately –3.0‰) and salinities were observed near the eastern Siberian shelves and towards the center of the Transpolar Drift due to river discharge. Higher δ18O (approximately –1.5‰) and salinities were associated with an Atlantic source when the RV Polarstern crossed the Gakkel Ridge into the Nansen Basin. These changes were driven mainly by the shifts within the Transpolar Drift that carried the Polarstern across the Arctic Ocean. Our isotopic analysis highlights the importance of investigating isotope fractionation effects, for example, during sea-ice formation and melting. A systematic full-year sampling for water isotopes from different components strengthens our understanding of the Arctic water cycle and provides crucial insights into the interaction between atmosphere, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Nansen Basin Sea ice University of California Press Arctic Arctic Ocean Gakkel Ridge ENVELOPE(90.000,90.000,87.000,87.000) Elem Sci Anth 12 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of California Press |
op_collection_id |
crunicaliforniap |
language |
English |
topic |
Atmospheric Science Geology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Ecology Environmental Engineering Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Atmospheric Science Geology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Ecology Environmental Engineering Oceanography Mellat, Moein Brunello, Camilla F. Werner, Martin Bauch, Dorothea Damm, Ellen Angelopoulos, Michael Nomura, Daiki Welker, Jeffrey M. Schneebeli, Martin Granskog, Mats A. Hoerhold, Maria Macfarlane, Amy R. Arndt, Stefanie Meyer, Hanno Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition |
topic_facet |
Atmospheric Science Geology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Ecology Environmental Engineering Oceanography |
description |
The Arctic Ocean is an exceptional environment where hydrosphere, cryosphere, and atmosphere are closely interconnected. Changes in sea-ice extent and thickness affect ocean currents, as well as moisture and heat exchange with the atmosphere. Energy and water fluxes impact the formation and melting of sea ice and snow cover. Here, we present a comprehensive statistical analysis of the stable water isotopes of various hydrological components in the central Arctic obtained during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition in 2019–2020, including the understudied Arctic winter. Our dataset comprises >2200 water, snow, and ice samples. Snow had the most depleted and variable isotopic composition, with δ18O (–16.3‰) increasing consistently from surface (–22.5‰) to bottom (–9.7‰) of the snowpack, suggesting that snow metamorphism and wind-induced transport may overprint the original precipitation isotope values. In the Arctic Ocean, isotopes also help to distinguish between different sea-ice types, and whether there is a meteoric contribution. The isotopic composition and salinity of surface seawater indicated relative contributions from different freshwater sources: lower δ18O (approximately –3.0‰) and salinities were observed near the eastern Siberian shelves and towards the center of the Transpolar Drift due to river discharge. Higher δ18O (approximately –1.5‰) and salinities were associated with an Atlantic source when the RV Polarstern crossed the Gakkel Ridge into the Nansen Basin. These changes were driven mainly by the shifts within the Transpolar Drift that carried the Polarstern across the Arctic Ocean. Our isotopic analysis highlights the importance of investigating isotope fractionation effects, for example, during sea-ice formation and melting. A systematic full-year sampling for water isotopes from different components strengthens our understanding of the Arctic water cycle and provides crucial insights into the interaction between atmosphere, ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mellat, Moein Brunello, Camilla F. Werner, Martin Bauch, Dorothea Damm, Ellen Angelopoulos, Michael Nomura, Daiki Welker, Jeffrey M. Schneebeli, Martin Granskog, Mats A. Hoerhold, Maria Macfarlane, Amy R. Arndt, Stefanie Meyer, Hanno |
author_facet |
Mellat, Moein Brunello, Camilla F. Werner, Martin Bauch, Dorothea Damm, Ellen Angelopoulos, Michael Nomura, Daiki Welker, Jeffrey M. Schneebeli, Martin Granskog, Mats A. Hoerhold, Maria Macfarlane, Amy R. Arndt, Stefanie Meyer, Hanno |
author_sort |
Mellat, Moein |
title |
Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition |
title_short |
Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition |
title_full |
Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition |
title_fullStr |
Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition |
title_full_unstemmed |
Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition |
title_sort |
isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central arctic ocean during the mosaic expedition |
publisher |
University of California Press |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00078 https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.2023.00078/811018/elementa.2023.00078.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(90.000,90.000,87.000,87.000) |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Gakkel Ridge |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Gakkel Ridge |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Nansen Basin Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Nansen Basin Sea ice |
op_source |
Elem Sci Anth volume 12, issue 1 ISSN 2325-1026 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00078 |
container_title |
Elem Sci Anth |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1795663315046760448 |