Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring
The Svalbard region faces drastic environmental changes, including sea-ice loss and “Atlantification” of Arctic waters, caused primarily by climate warming. These changes result in shifts in the sea-ice-associated (sympagic) community structure, with consequences for the sympagic food web and carbon...
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University of California Press
2021
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crunicaliforniap:10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 2024-09-15T18:02:29+00:00 Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring Ehrlich, J. Bluhm, B. A. Peeken, I. Massicotte, P. Schaafsma, F. L. Castellani, G. Brandt, A. Flores, H. 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 http://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169/482932/elementa.2020.00169.pdf en eng University of California Press http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene volume 9, issue 1 ISSN 2325-1026 journal-article 2021 crunicaliforniap https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 2024-09-05T05:01:57Z The Svalbard region faces drastic environmental changes, including sea-ice loss and “Atlantification” of Arctic waters, caused primarily by climate warming. These changes result in shifts in the sea-ice-associated (sympagic) community structure, with consequences for the sympagic food web and carbon cycling. To evaluate the role of sympagic biota as a source, sink, and transmitter of carbon, we sampled pack ice and under-ice water (0–2 m) north of Svalbard in spring 2015 by sea-ice coring and under-ice trawling. We estimated biomass and primary production of ice algae and under-ice phytoplankton as well as biomass, carbon demand, and secondary production of sea-ice meiofauna (>10 µm) and under-ice fauna (>300 µm). Sea-ice meiofauna biomass (0.1–2.8 mg C m–2) was dominated by harpacticoid copepods (92%), nauplii (4%), and Ciliophora (3%). Under-ice fauna biomass (3.2–62.7 mg C m–2) was dominated by Calanus copepods (54%). Appendicularia contributed 23% through their high abundance at one station. Herbivorous sympagic fauna dominated the carbon demand across the study area, estimated at 2 mg C m–2 day–1 for ice algae and 4 mg C m–2 day–1 for phytoplankton. This demand was covered by the mean primary production of ice algae (11 mg C m–2 day–1) and phytoplankton (30 mg C m–2 day–1). Hence, potentially 35 mg C m–2 day–1 of algal material could sink from the sympagic realm to deeper layers. The demand of carnivorous under-ice fauna (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1) was barely covered by sympagic secondary production (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1). Our study emphasizes the importance of under-ice fauna for the carbon flux from sea ice to pelagic and benthic habitats and provides a baseline for future comparisons in the context of climate change. Article in Journal/Newspaper Climate change ice algae Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Copepods University of California Press Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 9 1 |
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Open Polar |
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University of California Press |
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crunicaliforniap |
language |
English |
description |
The Svalbard region faces drastic environmental changes, including sea-ice loss and “Atlantification” of Arctic waters, caused primarily by climate warming. These changes result in shifts in the sea-ice-associated (sympagic) community structure, with consequences for the sympagic food web and carbon cycling. To evaluate the role of sympagic biota as a source, sink, and transmitter of carbon, we sampled pack ice and under-ice water (0–2 m) north of Svalbard in spring 2015 by sea-ice coring and under-ice trawling. We estimated biomass and primary production of ice algae and under-ice phytoplankton as well as biomass, carbon demand, and secondary production of sea-ice meiofauna (>10 µm) and under-ice fauna (>300 µm). Sea-ice meiofauna biomass (0.1–2.8 mg C m–2) was dominated by harpacticoid copepods (92%), nauplii (4%), and Ciliophora (3%). Under-ice fauna biomass (3.2–62.7 mg C m–2) was dominated by Calanus copepods (54%). Appendicularia contributed 23% through their high abundance at one station. Herbivorous sympagic fauna dominated the carbon demand across the study area, estimated at 2 mg C m–2 day–1 for ice algae and 4 mg C m–2 day–1 for phytoplankton. This demand was covered by the mean primary production of ice algae (11 mg C m–2 day–1) and phytoplankton (30 mg C m–2 day–1). Hence, potentially 35 mg C m–2 day–1 of algal material could sink from the sympagic realm to deeper layers. The demand of carnivorous under-ice fauna (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1) was barely covered by sympagic secondary production (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1). Our study emphasizes the importance of under-ice fauna for the carbon flux from sea ice to pelagic and benthic habitats and provides a baseline for future comparisons in the context of climate change. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ehrlich, J. Bluhm, B. A. Peeken, I. Massicotte, P. Schaafsma, F. L. Castellani, G. Brandt, A. Flores, H. |
spellingShingle |
Ehrlich, J. Bluhm, B. A. Peeken, I. Massicotte, P. Schaafsma, F. L. Castellani, G. Brandt, A. Flores, H. Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
author_facet |
Ehrlich, J. Bluhm, B. A. Peeken, I. Massicotte, P. Schaafsma, F. L. Castellani, G. Brandt, A. Flores, H. |
author_sort |
Ehrlich, J. |
title |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_short |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_full |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_fullStr |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring |
title_sort |
sea-ice associated carbon flux in arctic spring |
publisher |
University of California Press |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 http://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169/482932/elementa.2020.00169.pdf |
genre |
Climate change ice algae Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Copepods |
genre_facet |
Climate change ice algae Phytoplankton Sea ice Svalbard Copepods |
op_source |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene volume 9, issue 1 ISSN 2325-1026 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2020.00169 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1810439945220784128 |