Seasonal and population differences in migration of Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway
Abstract Background Conserving migratory birds is challenging due to their reliance on multiple distant sites at different stages of their annual life cycle. The concept of “flyway”, which refers to all areas covered by the breeding, nonbreeding, and migrating of birds, provides a framework for inte...
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2020
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z/fulltext.html |
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crspringernat:10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z 2023-05-15T17:47:22+02:00 Seasonal and population differences in migration of Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway Kuang, Fenliang Coleman, Jonathan T. Hassell, Chris J. Leung, Kar-Sin K. Maglio, Grace Ke, Wanjuan Cheng, Chuyu Zhao, Jiayuan Zhang, Zhengwang Ma, Zhijun National Key Research and Development Program of China National Natural Science Foundation of China World Wide Fund for Nature Beijing Office 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z/fulltext.html en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Avian Research volume 11, issue 1 ISSN 2053-7166 Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics journal-article 2020 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z 2022-01-04T16:55:21Z Abstract Background Conserving migratory birds is challenging due to their reliance on multiple distant sites at different stages of their annual life cycle. The concept of “flyway”, which refers to all areas covered by the breeding, nonbreeding, and migrating of birds, provides a framework for international cooperation for conservation. In the same flyway, however, the migratory activities of the same species can differ substantially between seasons and populations. Clarifying the seasonal and population differences in migration is helpful for understanding migration ecology and for identifying conservation gaps. Methods Using satellite-tracking we tracked the migration of Whimbrels ( Numenius phaeopus variegatus ) from nonbreeding sites at Moreton Bay (MB) and Roebuck Bay (RB) in Australia in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. Mantel tests were used to analyze the strength of migration connectivity between the nonbreeding and breeding sites of MB and RB populations. Welch’s t test was used to compare the migration activities between the two populations and between northward and southward migration. Results During northward migration, migration distance and duration were longer for the MB population than for the RB population. The distance and duration of the first leg flight during northward migration were longer for the MB population than for the RB population, suggesting that MB individuals deposited more fuel before departing from nonbreeding sites to support their longer nonstop flight. The RB population exhibited weaker migration connectivity (breeding sites dispersing over a range of 60 longitudes) than the MB population (breeding sites concentrating in a range of 5 longitudes in Far Eastern Russia). Compared with MB population, RB population was more dependent on the stopover sites in the Yellow Sea and the coastal regions in China, where tidal habitat has suffered dramatic loss. However, RB population increased while MB population decreased over the past decades, suggesting that loss of tidal habitat at stopover sites had less impact on the Whimbrel populations, which can use diverse habitat types. Different trends between the populations might be due to the different degrees of hunting pressure in their breeding grounds. Conclusions This study highlights that conservation measures can be improved by understanding the full annual life cycle of movements of multiple populations of Whimbrels and probably other migratory birds. Article in Journal/Newspaper Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel Springer Nature (via Crossref) Moreton ENVELOPE(-46.033,-46.033,-60.616,-60.616) Moreton Bay ENVELOPE(-117.952,-117.952,75.734,75.734) Roebuck ENVELOPE(-81.383,-81.383,51.067,51.067) Avian Research 11 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Springer Nature (via Crossref) |
op_collection_id |
crspringernat |
language |
English |
topic |
Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
spellingShingle |
Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Kuang, Fenliang Coleman, Jonathan T. Hassell, Chris J. Leung, Kar-Sin K. Maglio, Grace Ke, Wanjuan Cheng, Chuyu Zhao, Jiayuan Zhang, Zhengwang Ma, Zhijun Seasonal and population differences in migration of Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway |
topic_facet |
Animal Science and Zoology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics |
description |
Abstract Background Conserving migratory birds is challenging due to their reliance on multiple distant sites at different stages of their annual life cycle. The concept of “flyway”, which refers to all areas covered by the breeding, nonbreeding, and migrating of birds, provides a framework for international cooperation for conservation. In the same flyway, however, the migratory activities of the same species can differ substantially between seasons and populations. Clarifying the seasonal and population differences in migration is helpful for understanding migration ecology and for identifying conservation gaps. Methods Using satellite-tracking we tracked the migration of Whimbrels ( Numenius phaeopus variegatus ) from nonbreeding sites at Moreton Bay (MB) and Roebuck Bay (RB) in Australia in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. Mantel tests were used to analyze the strength of migration connectivity between the nonbreeding and breeding sites of MB and RB populations. Welch’s t test was used to compare the migration activities between the two populations and between northward and southward migration. Results During northward migration, migration distance and duration were longer for the MB population than for the RB population. The distance and duration of the first leg flight during northward migration were longer for the MB population than for the RB population, suggesting that MB individuals deposited more fuel before departing from nonbreeding sites to support their longer nonstop flight. The RB population exhibited weaker migration connectivity (breeding sites dispersing over a range of 60 longitudes) than the MB population (breeding sites concentrating in a range of 5 longitudes in Far Eastern Russia). Compared with MB population, RB population was more dependent on the stopover sites in the Yellow Sea and the coastal regions in China, where tidal habitat has suffered dramatic loss. However, RB population increased while MB population decreased over the past decades, suggesting that loss of tidal habitat at stopover sites had less impact on the Whimbrel populations, which can use diverse habitat types. Different trends between the populations might be due to the different degrees of hunting pressure in their breeding grounds. Conclusions This study highlights that conservation measures can be improved by understanding the full annual life cycle of movements of multiple populations of Whimbrels and probably other migratory birds. |
author2 |
National Key Research and Development Program of China National Natural Science Foundation of China World Wide Fund for Nature Beijing Office |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kuang, Fenliang Coleman, Jonathan T. Hassell, Chris J. Leung, Kar-Sin K. Maglio, Grace Ke, Wanjuan Cheng, Chuyu Zhao, Jiayuan Zhang, Zhengwang Ma, Zhijun |
author_facet |
Kuang, Fenliang Coleman, Jonathan T. Hassell, Chris J. Leung, Kar-Sin K. Maglio, Grace Ke, Wanjuan Cheng, Chuyu Zhao, Jiayuan Zhang, Zhengwang Ma, Zhijun |
author_sort |
Kuang, Fenliang |
title |
Seasonal and population differences in migration of Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway |
title_short |
Seasonal and population differences in migration of Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway |
title_full |
Seasonal and population differences in migration of Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal and population differences in migration of Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal and population differences in migration of Whimbrels in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway |
title_sort |
seasonal and population differences in migration of whimbrels in the east asian–australasian flyway |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z.pdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z/fulltext.html |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-46.033,-46.033,-60.616,-60.616) ENVELOPE(-117.952,-117.952,75.734,75.734) ENVELOPE(-81.383,-81.383,51.067,51.067) |
geographic |
Moreton Moreton Bay Roebuck |
geographic_facet |
Moreton Moreton Bay Roebuck |
genre |
Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel |
genre_facet |
Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel |
op_source |
Avian Research volume 11, issue 1 ISSN 2053-7166 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40657-020-00210-z |
container_title |
Avian Research |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766151754105225216 |