Evaluation of the acute toxicity, phototoxicity and embryotoxicity of a residual aqueous fraction from extract of the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata
Abstract Background Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main exogenous inductor of skin damage and so photoprotection is important to control skin disorders. The Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata is an important source of antioxidants and the photoprotective activity of its organic extracts has been in...
Published in: | BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology |
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Springer Science and Business Media LLC
2019
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3 http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3.pdf http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3/fulltext.html |
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crspringernat:10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3 2023-05-15T14:11:25+02:00 Evaluation of the acute toxicity, phototoxicity and embryotoxicity of a residual aqueous fraction from extract of the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata da Silva Fernandes, Andréia Brito, Lara Barroso Oliveira, Gisele Augusto Rodrigues Ferraz, Elisa Raquel Anastácio Evangelista, Heitor Mazzei, José Luiz Felzenszwalb, Israel 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3 http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3.pdf http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3/fulltext.html en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology volume 20, issue S1 ISSN 2050-6511 Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology journal-article 2019 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3 2022-01-04T09:09:08Z Abstract Background Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main exogenous inductor of skin damage and so photoprotection is important to control skin disorders. The Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata is an important source of antioxidants and the photoprotective activity of its organic extracts has been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the potential photoprotection, cytotoxicity and embryotoxicity of residual aqueous fraction (AF) from the moss S. uncinata . Methods UV-visible spectrum and SPF (sun protection factor) were determined by spectrophotometry. Embryotoxicity potential was evaluated by Fish embryo-larval toxicity test using zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) as organism model. Cell death assays by water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were investigated using HaCaT keratinocyte cell line cultured in monolayers and three dimensions (3D). Phototoxicity and association with UV-filters were performed by 3T3 neutral red uptake test. Results The AF showed sharp absorption bands in the UV region and less pronounced in the visible region. The SPF was low (2.5 ± 0.3), but the SPF values of benzophenone-3 and octyl-methoxycinnamate increased ~ 3 and 4 times more, respectively, in association with AF. The AF did not induce significant lethal and sublethal effects on zebrafish early-life stages. In monolayers, the HaCaT cell viability, evaluated by WST-1, was above 70% by ≤0.4 mg AF/mL after 48 and 72-h exposure, whereas ≤1 mg AF/mL after 24-h exposure. The LDH assay showed that the cell viability was above 70% by ≤0.4 mg AF/mL even after 72-h exposure, but ≤1 mg/mL after 24 and 48-h exposure. In 3D cell culture, an increased cell resistance to toxicity was observed, because cell viability of HaCaT cell by WST-1 and LDH was above ~ 90% when using ≤1 and 4 mg AF/mL, respectively. The AF demonstrated values of photo irritation factor < 2 and of photo effect < 0.1, even though in association with UV-filters. Conclusions The residual AF absorbs UV-vis spectrum, increased SPF values of BP-3 and OMC and does not induce embryotoxicity to zebrafish early life-stage. The cell death assays allowed establishing non-toxic doses of AF and phototoxicity was not detected. AF of S. uncinata presents a good potential for skin photoprotection against UV-radiation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Springer Nature (via Crossref) Antarctic The Antarctic BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 20 S1 |
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Springer Nature (via Crossref) |
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language |
English |
topic |
Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology |
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Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology da Silva Fernandes, Andréia Brito, Lara Barroso Oliveira, Gisele Augusto Rodrigues Ferraz, Elisa Raquel Anastácio Evangelista, Heitor Mazzei, José Luiz Felzenszwalb, Israel Evaluation of the acute toxicity, phototoxicity and embryotoxicity of a residual aqueous fraction from extract of the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata |
topic_facet |
Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology |
description |
Abstract Background Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main exogenous inductor of skin damage and so photoprotection is important to control skin disorders. The Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata is an important source of antioxidants and the photoprotective activity of its organic extracts has been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the potential photoprotection, cytotoxicity and embryotoxicity of residual aqueous fraction (AF) from the moss S. uncinata . Methods UV-visible spectrum and SPF (sun protection factor) were determined by spectrophotometry. Embryotoxicity potential was evaluated by Fish embryo-larval toxicity test using zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) as organism model. Cell death assays by water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were investigated using HaCaT keratinocyte cell line cultured in monolayers and three dimensions (3D). Phototoxicity and association with UV-filters were performed by 3T3 neutral red uptake test. Results The AF showed sharp absorption bands in the UV region and less pronounced in the visible region. The SPF was low (2.5 ± 0.3), but the SPF values of benzophenone-3 and octyl-methoxycinnamate increased ~ 3 and 4 times more, respectively, in association with AF. The AF did not induce significant lethal and sublethal effects on zebrafish early-life stages. In monolayers, the HaCaT cell viability, evaluated by WST-1, was above 70% by ≤0.4 mg AF/mL after 48 and 72-h exposure, whereas ≤1 mg AF/mL after 24-h exposure. The LDH assay showed that the cell viability was above 70% by ≤0.4 mg AF/mL even after 72-h exposure, but ≤1 mg/mL after 24 and 48-h exposure. In 3D cell culture, an increased cell resistance to toxicity was observed, because cell viability of HaCaT cell by WST-1 and LDH was above ~ 90% when using ≤1 and 4 mg AF/mL, respectively. The AF demonstrated values of photo irritation factor < 2 and of photo effect < 0.1, even though in association with UV-filters. Conclusions The residual AF absorbs UV-vis spectrum, increased SPF values of BP-3 and OMC and does not induce embryotoxicity to zebrafish early life-stage. The cell death assays allowed establishing non-toxic doses of AF and phototoxicity was not detected. AF of S. uncinata presents a good potential for skin photoprotection against UV-radiation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
da Silva Fernandes, Andréia Brito, Lara Barroso Oliveira, Gisele Augusto Rodrigues Ferraz, Elisa Raquel Anastácio Evangelista, Heitor Mazzei, José Luiz Felzenszwalb, Israel |
author_facet |
da Silva Fernandes, Andréia Brito, Lara Barroso Oliveira, Gisele Augusto Rodrigues Ferraz, Elisa Raquel Anastácio Evangelista, Heitor Mazzei, José Luiz Felzenszwalb, Israel |
author_sort |
da Silva Fernandes, Andréia |
title |
Evaluation of the acute toxicity, phototoxicity and embryotoxicity of a residual aqueous fraction from extract of the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata |
title_short |
Evaluation of the acute toxicity, phototoxicity and embryotoxicity of a residual aqueous fraction from extract of the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata |
title_full |
Evaluation of the acute toxicity, phototoxicity and embryotoxicity of a residual aqueous fraction from extract of the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of the acute toxicity, phototoxicity and embryotoxicity of a residual aqueous fraction from extract of the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of the acute toxicity, phototoxicity and embryotoxicity of a residual aqueous fraction from extract of the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata |
title_sort |
evaluation of the acute toxicity, phototoxicity and embryotoxicity of a residual aqueous fraction from extract of the antarctic moss sanionia uncinata |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3 http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3.pdf http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3/fulltext.html |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology volume 20, issue S1 ISSN 2050-6511 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-019-0353-3 |
container_title |
BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
S1 |
_version_ |
1766283566838185984 |