Omega-3 fatty acids, polymorphisms and lipid related cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Inuit population

• Published in: Nutrition & Metabolism
• Main Authors: Rudkowska, Iwona, Ouellette, Catherine, Dewailly, Eric, Hegele, Robert A, Boiteau, Véronique, Dubé-Linteau, Ariane, Abdous, Belkacem, Proust, Françoise, Giguère, Yves, Julien, Pierre, Château-Degat, Marie-Ludivine, Vohl, Marie-Claude
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2013
• Subjects: Nutrition and Dietetics; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Medicine (miscellaneous); Nunavik; inuit
• Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-10-26; https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/1743-7075-10-26.pdf

Abstract Background Tissue concentrations of fatty acids (FAs) and genetic variations are well-known factors which affect the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The objective was to examine whether the genetic variability of 20 candidate genes and red blood cells (RBCs) percentage of total n -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), a biomarker of dietary n -3 PUFA intake, modulate lipid related CVD risk factors in the Inuit population. Methods Data from the Qanuippitaa Nunavik Health Survey (n = 553) were analysed via multivariate regression models with 40 known polymorphisms, RBCs percentage of n -3 PUFA, and the interaction term to take into account the effect on plasma lipid and apolipoporotein levels. Results Individuals being heterozygotes for CETP C-4502T (rs183130) or G-971A (rs4783961) together with higher n -3 PUFA had lower triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations compared to homozygotes for the minor allele. Further, effects of a stronger beneficial association between n -3 PUFA in RBCs and plasma lipid parameters- including lower total cholesterol (TC), lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations- were associated with AGT M235T (rs699) TT genotype, CETP G-971A (rs4783961) AG genotype, T allele carriers of CETP C-4502T (rs183130), and T allele carriers of CETP Ile405Val (rs5882). In contrast, higher n -3 PUFA in RBCs were associated with adverse lipid profiles- including increased LDL-C, increased apolipoprotein B100 or decreased HDL-C concentrations- in G allele carriers of the APOA5 -3 A/G (rs651821), C allele carriers of APOA5 T-1131C (rs662799), G carriers of APOC3 SstI (rs5128) and G carriers of APOA4 Asn147Ser (rs5104). Conclusion Overall, these results suggest that percentage of total n -3 PUFA of RBCs are associated with lipids related CVD risk factors conferred by genetic variations in the Inuit population.