Linking midlatitudes eddy heat flux trends and polar amplification
Abstract Eddy heat fluxes play the important role of transferring heat from low to high latitudes, thus affecting midlatitude climate. The recent and projected polar warming, and its effects on the meridional temperature gradients, suggests a possible weakening of eddy heat fluxes. We here examine t...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41612-020-0111-7 http://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-020-0111-7.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-020-0111-7 |
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crspringernat:10.1038/s41612-020-0111-7 2023-05-15T18:25:28+02:00 Linking midlatitudes eddy heat flux trends and polar amplification Chemke, Rei Polvani, Lorenzo M. NSF | GEO | Division of Earth Sciences 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41612-020-0111-7 http://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-020-0111-7.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-020-0111-7 en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY npj Climate and Atmospheric Science volume 3, issue 1 ISSN 2397-3722 Atmospheric Science Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change journal-article 2020 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-020-0111-7 2022-01-14T15:37:45Z Abstract Eddy heat fluxes play the important role of transferring heat from low to high latitudes, thus affecting midlatitude climate. The recent and projected polar warming, and its effects on the meridional temperature gradients, suggests a possible weakening of eddy heat fluxes. We here examine this question in reanalyses and state-of-the-art global climate models. In the Northern Hemisphere we find that the eddy heat flux has robustly weakened over the last four decades. We further show that this weakening emerged from the internal variability around the year 2000, and we attribute it to increasing greenhouse gases. In contrast, in the Southern Hemisphere we find that the eddy heat flux has robustly strengthened, and we link this strengthening to the recent multi-decadal cooling of Southern-Ocean surface temperatures. The inability of state-of-the-art climate models to simulate such cooling prevents them from capturing the observed Southern Hemisphere strengthening of the eddy heat flux. This discrepancy between models and reanalyses provides a clear example of how model biases in polar regions can affect the midlatitude climate. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean Springer Nature (via Crossref) Southern Ocean npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 3 1 |
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Open Polar |
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Springer Nature (via Crossref) |
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crspringernat |
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English |
topic |
Atmospheric Science Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change |
spellingShingle |
Atmospheric Science Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change Chemke, Rei Polvani, Lorenzo M. Linking midlatitudes eddy heat flux trends and polar amplification |
topic_facet |
Atmospheric Science Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change |
description |
Abstract Eddy heat fluxes play the important role of transferring heat from low to high latitudes, thus affecting midlatitude climate. The recent and projected polar warming, and its effects on the meridional temperature gradients, suggests a possible weakening of eddy heat fluxes. We here examine this question in reanalyses and state-of-the-art global climate models. In the Northern Hemisphere we find that the eddy heat flux has robustly weakened over the last four decades. We further show that this weakening emerged from the internal variability around the year 2000, and we attribute it to increasing greenhouse gases. In contrast, in the Southern Hemisphere we find that the eddy heat flux has robustly strengthened, and we link this strengthening to the recent multi-decadal cooling of Southern-Ocean surface temperatures. The inability of state-of-the-art climate models to simulate such cooling prevents them from capturing the observed Southern Hemisphere strengthening of the eddy heat flux. This discrepancy between models and reanalyses provides a clear example of how model biases in polar regions can affect the midlatitude climate. |
author2 |
NSF | GEO | Division of Earth Sciences |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Chemke, Rei Polvani, Lorenzo M. |
author_facet |
Chemke, Rei Polvani, Lorenzo M. |
author_sort |
Chemke, Rei |
title |
Linking midlatitudes eddy heat flux trends and polar amplification |
title_short |
Linking midlatitudes eddy heat flux trends and polar amplification |
title_full |
Linking midlatitudes eddy heat flux trends and polar amplification |
title_fullStr |
Linking midlatitudes eddy heat flux trends and polar amplification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Linking midlatitudes eddy heat flux trends and polar amplification |
title_sort |
linking midlatitudes eddy heat flux trends and polar amplification |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41612-020-0111-7 http://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-020-0111-7.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-020-0111-7 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science volume 3, issue 1 ISSN 2397-3722 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-020-0111-7 |
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npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |
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3 |
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1 |
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1766206952673640448 |