Cenozoic climatic changes drive evolution and dispersal of coastal benthic foraminifera in the Southern Ocean
Abstract The Antarctic coastal fauna is characterized by high endemism related to the progressive cooling of Antarctic waters and their isolation by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The origin of the Antarctic coastal fauna could involve either colonization from adjoining deep-sea areas or migrati...
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crspringernat:10.1038/s41598-021-99155-6 2023-05-15T14:09:56+02:00 Cenozoic climatic changes drive evolution and dispersal of coastal benthic foraminifera in the Southern Ocean Majewski, Wojciech Holzmann, Maria Gooday, Andrew J. Majda, Aneta Mamos, Tomasz Pawlowski, Jan Polish National Science Centre Swiss National Science Foundation 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99155-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-99155-6.pdf https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-99155-6 en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Scientific Reports volume 11, issue 1 ISSN 2045-2322 Multidisciplinary journal-article 2021 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99155-6 2022-01-04T09:40:09Z Abstract The Antarctic coastal fauna is characterized by high endemism related to the progressive cooling of Antarctic waters and their isolation by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The origin of the Antarctic coastal fauna could involve either colonization from adjoining deep-sea areas or migration through the Drake Passage from sub-Antarctic areas. Here, we tested these hypotheses by comparing the morphology and genetics of benthic foraminifera collected from Antarctica, sub-Antarctic coastal settings in South Georgia, the Falkland Islands and Patagonian fjords. We analyzed four genera ( Cassidulina , Globocassidulina , Cassidulinoides , Ehrenbergina ) of the family Cassidulinidae that are represented by at least nine species in our samples. Focusing on the genera Globocassidulina and Cassidulinoides , our results showed that the first split between sub-Antarctic and Antarctic lineages took place during the mid-Miocene climate reorganization, probably about 20 to 17 million years ago (Ma). It was followed by a divergence between Antarctic species ~ 10 Ma, probably related to the cooling of deep water and vertical structuring of the water-column, as well as broadening and deepening of the continental shelf. The gene flow across the Drake Passage, as well as between South America and South Georgia, seems to have occurred from the Late Miocene to the Early Pliocene. It appears that climate warming during 7–5 Ma and the migration of the Polar Front breached biogeographic barriers and facilitated inter-species hybridization. The latest radiation coincided with glacial intensification (~ 2 Ma), which accelerated geographic fragmentation of populations, demographic changes, and genetic diversification in Antarctic species. Our results show that the evolution of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic coastal benthic foraminifera was linked to the tectonic and climatic history of the area, but their evolutionary response was not uniform and reflected species-specific ecological adaptations that influenced the dispersal patterns and biogeography of each species in different ways. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Drake Passage Southern Ocean Springer Nature (via Crossref) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Drake Passage Scientific Reports 11 1 |
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English |
topic |
Multidisciplinary |
spellingShingle |
Multidisciplinary Majewski, Wojciech Holzmann, Maria Gooday, Andrew J. Majda, Aneta Mamos, Tomasz Pawlowski, Jan Cenozoic climatic changes drive evolution and dispersal of coastal benthic foraminifera in the Southern Ocean |
topic_facet |
Multidisciplinary |
description |
Abstract The Antarctic coastal fauna is characterized by high endemism related to the progressive cooling of Antarctic waters and their isolation by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The origin of the Antarctic coastal fauna could involve either colonization from adjoining deep-sea areas or migration through the Drake Passage from sub-Antarctic areas. Here, we tested these hypotheses by comparing the morphology and genetics of benthic foraminifera collected from Antarctica, sub-Antarctic coastal settings in South Georgia, the Falkland Islands and Patagonian fjords. We analyzed four genera ( Cassidulina , Globocassidulina , Cassidulinoides , Ehrenbergina ) of the family Cassidulinidae that are represented by at least nine species in our samples. Focusing on the genera Globocassidulina and Cassidulinoides , our results showed that the first split between sub-Antarctic and Antarctic lineages took place during the mid-Miocene climate reorganization, probably about 20 to 17 million years ago (Ma). It was followed by a divergence between Antarctic species ~ 10 Ma, probably related to the cooling of deep water and vertical structuring of the water-column, as well as broadening and deepening of the continental shelf. The gene flow across the Drake Passage, as well as between South America and South Georgia, seems to have occurred from the Late Miocene to the Early Pliocene. It appears that climate warming during 7–5 Ma and the migration of the Polar Front breached biogeographic barriers and facilitated inter-species hybridization. The latest radiation coincided with glacial intensification (~ 2 Ma), which accelerated geographic fragmentation of populations, demographic changes, and genetic diversification in Antarctic species. Our results show that the evolution of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic coastal benthic foraminifera was linked to the tectonic and climatic history of the area, but their evolutionary response was not uniform and reflected species-specific ecological adaptations that influenced the dispersal patterns and biogeography of each species in different ways. |
author2 |
Polish National Science Centre Swiss National Science Foundation |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Majewski, Wojciech Holzmann, Maria Gooday, Andrew J. Majda, Aneta Mamos, Tomasz Pawlowski, Jan |
author_facet |
Majewski, Wojciech Holzmann, Maria Gooday, Andrew J. Majda, Aneta Mamos, Tomasz Pawlowski, Jan |
author_sort |
Majewski, Wojciech |
title |
Cenozoic climatic changes drive evolution and dispersal of coastal benthic foraminifera in the Southern Ocean |
title_short |
Cenozoic climatic changes drive evolution and dispersal of coastal benthic foraminifera in the Southern Ocean |
title_full |
Cenozoic climatic changes drive evolution and dispersal of coastal benthic foraminifera in the Southern Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Cenozoic climatic changes drive evolution and dispersal of coastal benthic foraminifera in the Southern Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cenozoic climatic changes drive evolution and dispersal of coastal benthic foraminifera in the Southern Ocean |
title_sort |
cenozoic climatic changes drive evolution and dispersal of coastal benthic foraminifera in the southern ocean |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99155-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-99155-6.pdf https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-99155-6 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Drake Passage |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Drake Passage |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Drake Passage Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Drake Passage Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Scientific Reports volume 11, issue 1 ISSN 2045-2322 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99155-6 |
container_title |
Scientific Reports |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766281956231741440 |