An under-ice bloom of mixotrophic haptophytes in low nutrient and freshwater-influenced Arctic waters
Abstract The pelagic spring bloom is essential for Arctic marine food webs, and a crucial driver of carbon transport to the ocean depths. A critical challenge is understanding its timing and magnitude, to predict its changes in coming decades. Spring bloom onset is typically light-limited, beginning...
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2021
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82413-y http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-82413-y.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-82413-y |
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crspringernat:10.1038/s41598-021-82413-y 2023-05-15T14:49:42+02:00 An under-ice bloom of mixotrophic haptophytes in low nutrient and freshwater-influenced Arctic waters Søgaard, Dorte H. Sorrell, Brian K. Sejr, Mikael K. Andersen, Per Rysgaard, Søren Hansen, Per Juel Skyttä, Annaliina Lemcke, Signe Lund-Hansen, Lars Chresten 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82413-y http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-82413-y.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-82413-y en eng Springer Science and Business Media LLC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Scientific Reports volume 11, issue 1 ISSN 2045-2322 Multidisciplinary journal-article 2021 crspringernat https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82413-y 2022-01-14T15:41:45Z Abstract The pelagic spring bloom is essential for Arctic marine food webs, and a crucial driver of carbon transport to the ocean depths. A critical challenge is understanding its timing and magnitude, to predict its changes in coming decades. Spring bloom onset is typically light-limited, beginning when irradiance increases or during ice breakup. Here we report an acute 9-day under-ice algal bloom in nutrient-poor, freshwater-influenced water under 1-m thick sea ice. It was dominated by mixotrophic brackish water haptophytes ( Chrysochromulina / Prymnesium ) that produced 5.7 g C m −2 new production. This estimate represents about half the annual pelagic production, occurring below sea ice with a large contribution from the mixotrophic algae bloom. The freshwater-influenced, nutrient-dilute and low light environment combined with mixotrophic community dominance implies that phagotrophy played a critical role in the under-ice bloom. We argue that such blooms dominated by potentially toxic mixotrophic algae might become more common and widespread in the future Arctic Ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Springer Nature (via Crossref) Arctic Arctic Ocean Scientific Reports 11 1 |
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Springer Nature (via Crossref) |
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crspringernat |
language |
English |
topic |
Multidisciplinary |
spellingShingle |
Multidisciplinary Søgaard, Dorte H. Sorrell, Brian K. Sejr, Mikael K. Andersen, Per Rysgaard, Søren Hansen, Per Juel Skyttä, Annaliina Lemcke, Signe Lund-Hansen, Lars Chresten An under-ice bloom of mixotrophic haptophytes in low nutrient and freshwater-influenced Arctic waters |
topic_facet |
Multidisciplinary |
description |
Abstract The pelagic spring bloom is essential for Arctic marine food webs, and a crucial driver of carbon transport to the ocean depths. A critical challenge is understanding its timing and magnitude, to predict its changes in coming decades. Spring bloom onset is typically light-limited, beginning when irradiance increases or during ice breakup. Here we report an acute 9-day under-ice algal bloom in nutrient-poor, freshwater-influenced water under 1-m thick sea ice. It was dominated by mixotrophic brackish water haptophytes ( Chrysochromulina / Prymnesium ) that produced 5.7 g C m −2 new production. This estimate represents about half the annual pelagic production, occurring below sea ice with a large contribution from the mixotrophic algae bloom. The freshwater-influenced, nutrient-dilute and low light environment combined with mixotrophic community dominance implies that phagotrophy played a critical role in the under-ice bloom. We argue that such blooms dominated by potentially toxic mixotrophic algae might become more common and widespread in the future Arctic Ocean. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Søgaard, Dorte H. Sorrell, Brian K. Sejr, Mikael K. Andersen, Per Rysgaard, Søren Hansen, Per Juel Skyttä, Annaliina Lemcke, Signe Lund-Hansen, Lars Chresten |
author_facet |
Søgaard, Dorte H. Sorrell, Brian K. Sejr, Mikael K. Andersen, Per Rysgaard, Søren Hansen, Per Juel Skyttä, Annaliina Lemcke, Signe Lund-Hansen, Lars Chresten |
author_sort |
Søgaard, Dorte H. |
title |
An under-ice bloom of mixotrophic haptophytes in low nutrient and freshwater-influenced Arctic waters |
title_short |
An under-ice bloom of mixotrophic haptophytes in low nutrient and freshwater-influenced Arctic waters |
title_full |
An under-ice bloom of mixotrophic haptophytes in low nutrient and freshwater-influenced Arctic waters |
title_fullStr |
An under-ice bloom of mixotrophic haptophytes in low nutrient and freshwater-influenced Arctic waters |
title_full_unstemmed |
An under-ice bloom of mixotrophic haptophytes in low nutrient and freshwater-influenced Arctic waters |
title_sort |
under-ice bloom of mixotrophic haptophytes in low nutrient and freshwater-influenced arctic waters |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82413-y http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-82413-y.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-82413-y |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
op_source |
Scientific Reports volume 11, issue 1 ISSN 2045-2322 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82413-y |
container_title |
Scientific Reports |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766320787239731200 |